At present, it is about to enter the high temperature and scorching summer of midsummer, the weather is hot, the sunshine hours are too long, and melons and vegetables are prone to "flowers but not real" phenomenon. The reasons and preventive measures for the occurrence of "flowers but not real" of melons are as follows:
cause:
The flower buds of melons are all "hermaphrodite flowers" in the early stages of differentiation. Afterwards, due to the influence of internal and external factors, they differentiated into male flowers, female flowers and bisexual flowers. Male flowers occur at a low node position, progressing from the base 3 to 4 nodes one after another, and there are usually no male flowers at the nodes where the female flowers are growing. Male flowers generally open earlier than female flowers, but female flowers cultivated under low night temperature conditions open earlier than male flowers. The node position where the female flower is born on the main vine or lateral vine of the plant varies greatly between genera, species, and varieties or varieties of the same species.
During the nursery period, lower night temperature is conducive to the occurrence of female or bisexual flowers. Experiments have shown that the number of female flowers in cucumbers decreases from 9.6 flowers/plant to 6.3 flowers/plant at night temperature within the range of 18℃~26℃; the number of male flowers increases from 70 flowers/plant to 90 flowers/plant. . Under normal circumstances, when the night temperature is higher than 25℃, many melon varieties have only male flowers but not female flowers, and the phenomenon of "flowers without fruit" appears.
In addition, sunlight also affects the sex differentiation of flowers. Most melons promote the occurrence of female or bisexual flowers under short-day sunlight, but on the contrary under long-day sunlight, inhibit female or bisexual flowers and promote the occurrence of male flowers. Therefore, after the midsummer, due to the longer sunshine, it is also unfavorable for the differentiation of female flowers.
Precaution:
1. Scientific sowing and reasonable arrangement of planting time. By rationally arranging the sowing time, avoiding the high temperature period of midsummer, and promoting the differentiation of the bisexual and female flowers.
2. Timely spray water in the field and mulch cultivation. By strengthening field management, reducing field temperature, reducing sunshine intensity and sunshine duration, and promoting the differentiation of bisexual flowers and female flowers.
3. Spray plant hormones. Experiments have shown that spraying ethephon can promote the differentiation of female flowers. The concentration of the medicine should be 100~200ppm. Generally, spray on the leaf surface when the true leaf grows 1~2, and spray wetness as the degree.
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