Jinbao fermentation bed detailed production method
Jinbao fermentation, making litter production:
First, the choice and calculation of litter:
1, raw materials: water absorption, water retention substances (sawdust). Breathable substances (rice husks, straw, peanut shells, vinegar, etc.).
2. Ratio: sawdust and rice hull account for 50% each (volume ratio is 1:1). In order to increase fermentation power in winter, the proportion of rice hulls is 60%.
3, raw material storage, stacking methods and production methods:
1) Calculation of soybean meal bags and woven bags. A cubic total of 7 bag litter, sawdust, rice husk 3.5 bags each.
2) Weight calculation: about 200 pounds for a cubic sawdust and 120 pounds for the rice husk.
3) Calculate with a heap: According to the area of ​​the goldfish fermentation bed.
Second, material accumulation fermentation: (10 square meters fermentation bed area as an example)
The first step: First add 50 kg of rice bran or bran to one kilogram of solid golden baby baking powder and stir it evenly. (The amount of rice bran or bran is 2-5 kg ​​per square meter)
The second step: Stir the evenly mixed litter in the first step and mix well with a cubic durometer (a mixture of sawdust and rice hull). The third step: Mix the second step of the well-stirred padding with the remaining 9 cubic feet of padding material and mix thoroughly. During the stirring process, water is sprayed with 500-1000 kg of water to keep the padding moisture at 40%. (How much water is the key, generally 40% is more appropriate, on-the-spot practice is to judge by hand grab litter, identification method: hand can be a group, loose hands and loose, finger joint water seepage out) Step Four: In the circle Piled up into trapezoids, covered with sacks or straw, 5-7 days in summer and 10-15 days in winter (fermented aromas and steam).
Step 5: Spread the fermented litter and lay it flat. After the reserved chaff and saw are not mixed, cover the top and make a thickness of about 5-10cm. Then wait 24 hours before entering the pig.
Precautions:
1, the principle of litter production: a variety of materials as far as possible mix, moisture control at 40%.
2, the production of a large area of ​​litter, as far as possible to choose a large venue stir litter, you can use forklifts, mixers, excavators and other machinery.
3ã€According to (control) the humidity of the litter, 10 square litters can be directly sprayed with water until the litter moisture is 40-50%. The field practice is to judge by hand padding, and the identification method: hand grasp can be grouped , loose hands and loose, finger joints water seepage.
4. The padding produced by stirring must be piled and fermented. The thickness of the bedding bed is an important factor that determines the temperature. Generally, the thickness of the mattress material for Jinbao fermentation is 50~100cm and the area is 40 square meters. Must not be less than 50cm. If the litter is too thin and the floor area is too small, the heat generated by the fermentation is quickly lost, and the temperature of the fermented litter is difficult to reach a suitable temperature, so that the proliferation of the fermenting microorganisms is limited, resulting in no fermentation. The top is covered with grasshoppers, woven bags, and other insulating, air-permeable substances.
5. During the fermentation, measure the fermentation temperature daily and make a record. From the second day, the temperature is measured at a depth of about 20cm at three points at different angles, and the temperature can rise to 40°C to 50°C (Note: The initial temperature of the litter rises to 40°C-50°C on the second day, Otherwise, find out why the litter has been added with preservatives, insecticides, and whether the water is too high or too low). After the temperature gradually rises to around 60°C-70°C, the fermentation is successful. The fermentation time is 5-7 days in summer and 10-15 days in winter (fermented aromas and steam are released). If, after a week of fermentation, there is an increase in temperature and there is an odor, this is because there is too much water, so adjust the water again and add some strains to ferment until it is successful.
Litter maintenance and management:
1. Into the pig for an observation period of one week to prevent litter surface dust. The fork was used to disperse especially concentrated pig manure. The distribution of pig defecation was mainly observed, the pigs were active, and any abnormalities were found. Sometimes pigs have red spots, which are allergic and disappear in one week. Feeding station in the pig house, the chute is cleared in time and cleaned.
2. After one week, the litter should be adjusted 1-2 times per week according to the humidity and fermentation conditions of the litter. Usually found in pigs when there is a lot of stool, sprinkle it to the open space for a sprinkling, easy to fully decompose, when the manure, urine piles when digging pits can be buried in the pig fixed defecation area focus on maintenance, from the depth of 30 cm The litter is dispersed in the dry area of ​​the litter, and the dry even mat is filled and flattened. In the area where the defecation is fixed, because the humidity is too high and the excrement cannot be decomposed in time, it is easy to breed soft and ammonia gas. In the summer, there are no mosquitoes and flies, no odor, and high-efficiency oxygen-consuming fermentation or deep-bed anaerobic treatment of feces can be performed. The temperature of the fermentation bed can reach 40 to 50 degrees, which can kill the bacteria and pests in the feces and cleanliness. In the summer, the fermenting bed should promptly transfer the excrements buried in the depth of 30-40 cm of litter in the place where there is cockroaches, and the cockroaches will be fermented in high temperature for half a day to one day.
disappear. The ground must not be too dry, that is, it must be kept loose, but it must not be raised with dust, otherwise pigs are prone to respiratory diseases. Add a proper amount of new golden baby sawdust and chaff in a particularly wet place. Sawdust, chaff 50% each. Use a fork or portable cultivator to loosen the solid dunnage and flatten the uneven surface. If the dunnage is too dry and dust is present, it should be based on the dry and damp conditions of the dunnage. Spray proper amount of water.
3. After a period of time into the pig, when the amount of sawdust in the pig house is reduced, the missing part is properly added. It is necessary to add some sawdust, chaff, and other litter materials in time to ensure the thickness of the fermentation bed.
4, from the day of the pig into every 50 days, a large movement to overturn material once. Move small excavators or forklifts into the piggery. Disperse the excreta in places where the excrement is concentrated and repeatedly twist it evenly from the bottom. Add some sawdust, chaff, etc. See if the padding's moisture determines whether it's fully flipped. If there is a lot of water and the ammonia smell is thick, it should be thoroughly flipped up and down. Look at the situation can be appropriate to add some nutritious litter materials and fermentation strains.
5. After the pigs are all slaughtered, it is best to place the litter dry for 2-3 days; repeat the litter from the bottom repeatedly and evenly, see the situation can be properly added rice bran mixed with strains, re-stacking and fermentation; chaff, sawdust cover, thickness About 10cm, the pigs can be fed again after 24 hours.
6. Feeding density: The number of pigs per unit area is too high, the fermentation state of the bed will be reduced, and the pig's fecal urine cannot be rapidly degraded and digested. Generally, each pig covers 1.2 to 1.5 square meters. The most scientific and reasonable breeding density should be: Finishing pigs (50-100kg) 1.2-1.5 square meters / per piglet (below 50kg) 0.8-1.2 square meters / sow 2.0-3.0 square meters / each
7, pay attention to the discharge of moisture, litter too wet will affect the fermentation effect, natural ventilation or forced ventilation method can be used to dehumidify the litter bedding; winter time to regularly open the skylight discharge circle homes moisture.
8. The suitable litter surface temperature for rearing should be about 17-20 degrees, and the middle should be about 40-50 degrees. Mattress maintenance management points: 1, temperature 2, humidity 3, soft 4, uniform 5, density.
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