The mulching film has played an outstanding role in raising the ground temperature and maintaining water and fertilizer. It has greatly improved the ability of crops to fight agricultural disasters, ensured stable production and increased production, and also had the effect of improving soil physical and chemical properties, inhibiting weed growth, and reducing disease. However, in production, not all farmers use the plastic film, especially in the vegetable production in the greenhouse. The method of covering the plastic film is unreasonable, which seriously affects the growth of the vegetables.
1, mulching close to the base of the stem dead
Some vegetable growers planted sweet peppers with large dead trees. The bases of the stems rotted dark brown and immersed in water. After careful inspection and interrogation, they learned that when they were covering the film, the film and the stalk were close together. When the temperature was high, the water evaporated from the soil condenses into water droplets on the film and flows down the base of the stem, day after day. A high-temperature, high-humidity environment was formed at the base of the stem, resulting in serious occurrence of sweet pepper disease.
Remind vegetable farmers, remember not to stick to the base of vegetable stems when the plastic film is covered, try not to cut the plastic film with a blade, but use a finger to dip the plastic film to ensure that the mouth is large and will not be bridged. The general diameter of 5 to 8 cm is appropriate. During the high temperature stage, the mulch film is rolled up on both sides to prevent the ground temperature from becoming too high. When the temperature drops, the mulch film is opened and the adjacent two mulch films are clamped with a grafting clip so that the mulch does not contact the culm.
2, the whole shed to cover the impact of root growth
A vegetable farmer reflected that the spring pods grown this year were weak, with fine stalks, yellow leaves, and serious flowering and fruit drop. Through field interviews, technicians found that the mulch they covered was close to the ground, affecting the gas exchange between the soil and air. Especially after watering, the soil had poor air permeability, resulting in impeded root respiration, poor root growth, and the ability to absorb nutrients. Weakened, tomatoes naturally weakened.
In this proposal, the plantation line is best to use steel wire or bamboo rafts to support the mulch, every 50 centimeters, from the south to the north to cover the mulch on the mulch, which can achieve watering under the membrane, which not only improves the permeability of the soil, It also makes it difficult to volatilize moisture, reducing the humidity inside the greenhouse; while the operation line is best to cover the crop stalks, which not only raises the ground temperature, but also regulates the humidity in the greenhouse.
3, early autumn vegetable mulch film coverage is not conducive to deep roots
In winter, with the decrease of the temperature, growers who plant cucumbers usually use the "drilling method" to tighten the cover film. According to practical suggestions, in greenhouse vegetable cultivation, the time for covering plastic film should be determined according to the specific climatic conditions. Such as autumnal cucumber after planting, the outside temperature is higher, if immediately covered with plastic film, on the one hand due to high temperature plastic film, prone to suffocate root; on the other hand, after covering the film, in the surface layer to form a moist environment, is not conducive to the root system Barrel growth may result in failure of seedlings, making it difficult to grow strong seedlings. Therefore, it is recommended to cover the mulch after 15 days of planting depending on the weather conditions, which will help seedling roots to shoot down and cultivate strong trees.
4, only on the operation line to cover the film is equivalent to no cover film
At the time of my visit, I also discovered that many vegetable farmers only covered the operation of the shed in order to reduce costs, but the planting line did not cover the mulching film. However, such an approach not only did not exert the advantages of mulch film coverage, but also highlighted the disadvantages and the effect was poor. In greenhouse vegetable production, the most important role of mulching is to reduce the humidity in the shed and reduce the occurrence of diseases. The practice of covering the ground film and planting rows to cover the floor is not conducive to reducing the humidity in the greenhouse, because when the vegetables are watered, most of the time, they are planted in rows. The cultivation of rows of plants without covering the plastic film will reduce the humidity of the air. To how much effect, it can not play the effect of insulation. But in the operation of the cover film, the disadvantages are also obvious, making the operation of the soil permeability greatly reduced, affecting the root growth and development.
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