Common vaccine types for cattle, vaccination, vaccination procedures, precautions

Immunization is the main means of preventing bovine infectious diseases. Artificially, the vaccine is placed in animals. The vaccine acts as an antigen to stimulate the animal body to induce antibodies. After the antibody is produced, the animal body can resist the corresponding diseases and thus protect against Disease invasion and infection. In the process of breeding cattle, bovine immunization technology is one of the practical techniques that practitioners in the cattle industry need to master, which is especially important for the healthy and stable development of the cattle industry. Next, Xiaobian talks about the types of vaccines commonly used in cattle, the amount of vaccines, the vaccination procedures, and precautions.

First, vaccines and immunization

1. The bovine vaccine has a live vaccine and an inactivated vaccine.

2, live vaccine: also known as attenuated vaccine, the vaccine made with this pathogenic microorganism is attenuated vaccine; bovine infectious pleuropneumonia vaccine, bovine Pasteurella attenuated vaccine, bovine brucellosis live vaccine, etc. are attenuated Vaccines; such vaccines require cryopreservation, storage and transportation are inconvenient, improper disposal, vaccines are prone to failure.

3. Inactivated vaccine: Inactivated vaccine is a dead vaccine. It is a chemically or physically treated pathogenic microorganism that uses immunogenicity to extinguish the fire, thereby causing its toxicity and infectivity to be lost, but retaining its immunogenicity; Inactivated vaccine against aluminum bacillus, inactivated vaccine against Salmonella typhimurium, and inactivated vaccine against bovine foot and mouth disease; the advantage of this vaccine is that there is no risk of vaccination in vaccine safety. The disadvantage is that the vaccine is absorbed slowly, the time required for antibody protection is long, and the injection site is affected. Meaty.

Second, the use of cattle commonly used vaccine

1. There are 3 kinds of Brucella vaccine, namely Brucella M5 attenuated vaccine, Brucella 19 vaccine, Brucella S2 attenuated vaccine; Brucella M5 attenuated vaccine is suitable for calves within 8 months, according to each The first 30 million live bacteria are injected subcutaneously; Brucella 19 is used for virgin yak, the first subcutaneous injection is carried out at 5 mL per head for 5 to 7 months, and 5 mL per head for 17 to 19 months. 2 subcutaneous injections; Brucella S2 freeze-dried vaccine is more commonly used, the vaccine is not restricted by pregnancy, oral or aerosol immunization per 50 billion live bacteria.

2. The bovine anthrax vaccine has two types: non-toxic anthrax spores and No. 2 anthrax spores; when inoculated with non-toxic anthrax spores, adult cattle are injected at the subcutaneous site of the 1 mL neck or scapular trailing edge of each head; Spore seedlings can be inoculated with cattle of different varieties and ages. All breeds and ages of cattle are injected subcutaneously in 1 mL neck.

3, bovine infectious pleuropneumonia live vaccine for the prevention of bovine lung disease, the vaccine should be diluted when used, liquid seedlings diluted with 20% aluminum hydroxide gel 500 times normal saline, freeze-dried seedlings with 20% aluminum hydroxide The gelatin saline was diluted 50 times, the diluted vaccine, the adult cows were injected intramuscularly with 2 mL of each hip, and 1 mL of the calf hip muscles were injected within 12 months of age.

4, the Pasteurella bovis vaccine is used to prevent bovine Pasteurellosis, that is, bovine hemorrhagic sepsis. Common bovine Pasteurella vaccines include bovine Pasteurellosis aluminum hydroxide vaccine, bovine Pasteurella oil emulsion vaccine, and cattle. Attenuated vaccine against Pasteurellosis.

Third, the type of cattle immunization

1. The type of bovine immunization can be divided into vaccination and emergency vaccination.

2. When cattle have a strong infectious disease, emergency vaccination is carried out on cattle that have not yet developed disease in the epidemic area/epide group and the risk area. The emergency vaccination target is a healthy cow that is not infected with infectious diseases, so that the epidemic is no longer spread to healthy cattle. To control the spread and development of the epidemic.

Fourth, the cattle immunization program

The immunization program of cattle should be adapted to local conditions, not a pattern, and the same, but overall the immunization program of cattle should be scientific and reasonable.

V. Immunization precautions

1. Purchase brand vaccines through regular channels, and strictly prohibit the use of “three no” products.

2. When vaccinating, it is necessary to disinfect the injection needle, and measure the injection strictly according to the regulations. Shake it evenly when the vaccine is injected.

3. Vaccination should establish a vaccination file, detail the vaccination time of each cow, the type of vaccine, and the vaccine manufacturer to better vaccinate according to the vaccination program.

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