In the cultivation and management of the annual cycle of apple trees, the accumulation of nutrients is promoted, and the inefficient consumption of nutrients should be minimized. These two aspects are effective cultivation management measures for obtaining high yield of apples. The following management measures should be taken:
First, we must raise the roots
The roots of fruit trees are the main organs that absorb inorganic nutrients and water. The inorganic nutrients supplied by the soil to the fruit are absorbed through the roots of the tree. To raise the roots and make the roots grow well, it is necessary to create a good soil environment for root growth and development. For example, the first is to maintain the stability of soil moisture, not to wet and dry; the second is to stabilize the pH of the soil, so that the pH value of the soil is suitable for the growth of fruit trees. Too high or too low is not conducive to the normal growth and absorption of roots; The third is to increase the application of organic fertilizer, reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer, create a harmonious environment for the soil, make the various elements in the soil in a harmonious state, promote the growth and absorption of roots; Fourth, eradicate soil diseases and promote the robust growth of roots.
Second, improve the soil, weed control, pest control
Deeply turn the land, change the soil in the sand, improve the soil aggregate structure; deep excavation and planting, planting grass in the orchard, and covering the grass with trees, all create a good environment for root growth. In the growing season of fruit trees, after the weather is raining or after watering the trees, timely weeding and weeding and protecting the grass; controlling pests that endanger the roots and protecting the normal growth of the roots are all management tasks that must be done in time.
Third, increase soil organic matter
The soil organic matter content of many orchards is very low. To make fruit trees grow robustly, early results, high yield, stable yield, and high efficiency, the organic matter content of orchard soil should reach 2% to 3%, at least 1.5%. It is an effective measure to increase soil organic matter content by planting grass, planting trees, and applying organic fertilizer. The organic fertilizer can be mixed with cattle, sheep, pigs and chicken manure to be fermented, and fully fermented (especially chicken manure must be fully decomposed), and appropriate amount of chemical fertilizer and mineral fertilizer (multiple trace elements) can be added. And biological fertilizer.
Fourth, we must apply scientific fertilization
Scientific fertilization not only promotes the growth of fruit tree roots, but also plays an important role in increasing nutrient accumulation in the late growth stage and the growth and development of trees in the coming year. To increase the nutrient accumulation of the tree, it is necessary to apply organic fertilizer when applying the base fertilizer in the early autumn. According to the different development stages of the apple tree, the type, quantity and fertilization frequency of the applied fertilizer were determined. In the annual growth cycle of fruit trees, it is necessary to determine the type of fertilizer, the number of times, the type of fertilizer applied and the amount of fertilizer applied according to the law of fertilizer requirements and the growth of the tree. Pay attention to the scientific fertilization, in addition to the nutrients in addition to the growth and development of fruit trees, but also can accumulate.
Fifth, we must protect the blades
The organic nutrients required for the growth and development of fruit trees are the products of photosynthesis through leaves. There must be sunlight for photosynthesis. Therefore, in order to increase and accumulate rich organic nutrients, it is necessary to maximize the illumination of the leaves of the trees to ensure that the trees have sufficient, sound, but not excessive, resulting in a canopy per plant or The leaves of the whole orchard are closed.
Sixth, to enhance the lighting
In order to accumulate nutrients, it is necessary to ensure the light of branches and leaves. Through the four seasons trimming, adjust the number of branches of the tree, the thickness of the leaf curtain and the spacing between the leaf curtains. That is to say, the structure of the tree should be reasonable, so that the tree can get more organic nutrients. The nutrients can not only meet the needs of tree growth and results, but also have more accumulation for flowering, fruiting, and Can improve the level of storage nutrition.
Seven, reasonable pruning
Do not leave too much when trimming to avoid nutrient dispersion. Summer pruning should not be too heavy, resulting in a decrease in the number of leaves, affecting the synthesis of organic nutrients.
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