Marigold cultivation technology

Marigold, also known as calendula, native to Mexico, is an annual herbaceous plant with a plant height of 70-80 cm. After artificial cultivation, its flowers are used as a raw material for extracting yellow pigment. It is widely used in food processing and other industries. Currently, this This kind of natural yellow pigment is in short supply in the market, and the prospects are very impressive. First, the preparation of nursery 1. Miao Peng production of seedlings shed is generally completed 7-10 days before sowing, Daejeon transplanted 1,500 square meters, the need for seedbed area of ​​15-20 square meters, seedling shed should choose leeward sunny, fertile soil, The sandy loam is suitable. Avoid the use of herbicide land. For ease of operation, a greenhouse should be established. The shed time should be around March 10 so as to warm the soil. 2. Bed soil production in the fall to bed soil and manure. Choose humus soil on the slopes and sides of the ditch, and avoid using soil from the herbicide-bearing plots to mix the humus and rotting pig manure. The preparation ratios are as follows: (1) 50% of humus, 30% of mature pig manure and 20% of river sand, (2) 50% of humus, 25% of garden soil, and 25% of river sand. 3. Before bed soil disinfection buckle shed, the original soil in the seedbed clear 10-15 cm, the bed with a good bed into the bed, per square meter with 50% carbendazim seedlings 4 g Duishui 100 times or five Chloronitrobenzene was mixed with zeocin in the same amount, 4-5 grams per square meter, or 3-4 grams per square meter for the enemy. After the soil was mixed, it was evenly spread on the surface of the bed. And in the seedbed cover film 2-3 days after sealing, film ventilation. 4. Seed germination rate is 95% with seeds and seeds, and seeds with a net clarity of more than 98% are 20 grams per mu. The prepared seeds are soaked with 50% carbendazim 250 times for 10-15 minutes to disinfect the seeds, and then soaked in warm water at 25°C for 6-8 hours, remove and dry, and mix 10-15 times fine sand. Soil, ready for sowing. Second, nursery techniques 1. Nursery period generally 40 to 50 days before transplanting nursery, the best sowing date is April 8 - April 12, seedling age must reach 40-45 days. 2. Seeding method Firstly, the seedbed is soaked in the bottom water. After seeping, the seedbed is filled with fine soil. Then the treated seeds are evenly spread on the bed surface. It is advisable to cover the seed with fine soil, and sow the seeds after sowing. A layer of film is coated on the surface to increase the temperature and moisture, and the film is to be removed immediately after emergence. 3. Seedbed management (1) Temperature management: Keep 25-30°C from the sowing seedling shed. When the seedling height is 4-6 cm, keep the temperature in the shed at 20-25°C. If the temperature exceeds the above mentioned temperature, ventilation and cooling should be performed in time to prevent leggy. Gradually filtered to the same temperature as the outside environment before transplanting. (2) Water Management: If there is no shortage of water before sowing, no watering is required. After the seedlings are flushed, the water level may be appropriately watered according to the degree of water shortage. Before transplanting, the water should not be watered for 7-10 days to prevent the seedlings from growing. III. TRANSPLANTING TECHNIQUES 1. Selection of land plots No plots are selected, drainage and irrigation are convenient, plots with sunny and organic matter content are high, and sand plots and plots that have been used for closed drugs in the previous year are avoided. 2. Transplanting time and the standard of juvenile seedlings After the frost-free period is over, transplanting is suitable from May 20 to May 25. The seedling height is 12-18 cm, and 34 leaves are best for transplanting. 3. Soil preparation combined with site preparation, 2 tons of Mushi organic fertilizer, 30-40 kg of DAP, and 10 kg of potash fertilizer. 4. Transplanting technology Bottom water is soaked the day before transplanting so that the seedlings can be raised and transplanted with water of 70 centimeters. The ground pests can be added with timely phoxim EC in the water. The spacing is 30-35 cm. Bao Miao 2600-3200 strains. Fourth, field management 1. Check field fill seedlings after transplanting to carry out field inspections, timely fill seedlings to ensure that the whole seedlings. 2. After cultivating the weeds and cultivating the soil and transplanting them, the weeds shall be promptly sowed to prevent the compaction. When the plant height is 20 to 25 centimeters, the heart is picked in time, and the soil is ridden and ridiculed. The height is not buried in the first branch. should. 3. The foliar dressing should be foliar dressing during the entire growth period, especially after each flower removal, spraying Tianli chelating fertilizer or potassium dihydrogen phosphate once to meet the nutrient supply. V. Main pest control 1. Insect pest control Underground pests are mainly earthworms and grubs, with 3% carbofuran per acre or 0.75-1.0 kg of gamma granules, combined with transplanting into caves, red spiders Can be used 1.8% of insect full control. 2. Disease prevention and treatment The main diseases of marigold include blight and spot blight, and the principles of prevention as the main and prevention as the emphasis should be adhered to, and various diseases should be prevented and controlled in a timely manner, especially in the early stage of flower buds (before flowering). A fungicide. (1) Bacterial disease: mainly occurs in the nursery period, and its symptoms are: after the seedlings are unearthed, an oval-shaped brown spot is generated at the base of the stem, the lesions are gradually sunken, and after expansion, the stems are wound one week, and finally the stem base is contracted and thinned. , The seedlings are dry and dead. The prevention method is: after the emergence of the seedlings, combined with watering, spraying with 50% carbendazim or 50% mancozeb 1000 times liquid for 7-10 days. (2) Spot blotch: also known as black spot, brown spot, which is usually susceptible to disease in high temperatures and rainy seasons. It mainly damages the leaves. It starts with brown spots on the lower leaves and then expands into dark brown circles to form irregular spots. When the humidity is high, black spots appear, and when the disease is severe, the lesions fuse into pieces, causing the entire leaves to turn yellow or black and dry. The prevention method is to avoid continuous cropping and control the planting density. Spraying 50% thiophanate-methylate 800 times or killing 1000 times or thiophanate-methyl 500-times solution at the beginning of onset, once every 10-15 days. When the plant into the reproductive growth (harvesting) once every 7-10 days, depending on the disease control 3-5 times. (3) Fusarium wilt: When the initial disease occurs, the leaf color changes to light yellow, wilting droops, the base of the stem becomes light brown, the vascular bundle becomes brown, and the vascular bundle that expands the shoot gradually becomes light brown, expanding downwards. Root cause skin necrosis or black rot. The control method is: a reasonable rotation, spraying 50% carbendazim 500 times or 40% polysulfide suspension 600 times in the initial stage of the disease. Alternatively, the above-mentioned agent may be used to irrigate the root, and 0.4-0.5 liters of good liquid per plant , depending on the condition of prevention 2-3 times. Sixth, timely harvest 1. Mature standard petals from buds from the outside to the inside out of order, when the petals all develop to form a flower ball, it is mature. 2. Harvesting time and standard Generally, July 20-September 20 is the harvesting period. The standard is: all petals are unfolded, and the stamens of the flower core are partially or not open. When the 1989 matures, the comprehensive output is higher. When the flowers are collected, there is no water-dropped bead, and no rot pedicel is produced. The length of the pedicel does not exceed 1 cm. It is sold immediately after harvest and should not be kept overnight in the hands of farmers. 3. The weather is not collected during the rainy days and the dew is not used. Immature flowers are not harvested. Normally, the harvest is best at 3-4 pm.

Rise body Immunity

Rise body Immunity main role has two points: first, for the external invasion of microorganisms, like bacteria, viruses, and all kinds of pathogens, can be identified and killed. Second, the necrotic cells produced by the body, such as precancerous cells and some aging cells that lose their functions, have an effective removal effect, so the function is very powerful, and it is the basic protection system against the normal health state of the body. This protection system has two kinds of reactions, specific and non-specific. There are nonspecific defenses that are called innate, for example, diseases that are never allowed, like some of the Marine diseases that are caused by some of the Marine microbes, but cannot naturally survive in the human body. There is also acquired specific immunity, which is through the body's continuous recognition and memory, and then targeted at identified bacteria and viruses to kill, maintain a good state of immunity, is the basic condition to maintain a healthy body, so if the immunity is low, you put yourself in a very dangerous state. Can not withstand the outside wind or the rapid multiplication of cancerous cells in the body.
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