The shoot is also called dry, black fan, golden butterfly, belonging to the family Iridaceae, with roots and stems into the medicine, with the functions of heat, detoxification, phlegm and pharynx. Its rhizome contains ingredients such as scutellaria and ketone, which have anti-inflammatory and anti-virus, anti-viral, diuretic and anti-cervical cancer cells. The main production is mainly in Hubei, Henan, Jiangsu, Anhui and other provinces, Zhejiang, Shaanxi, Guangxi, and other provinces and regions. Its flowers are very beautiful and can be used for urban greening and have a high ornamental value. Shooting is suitable for planting in most parts of the country, with strong adaptability, cold and drought tolerance, and no land occupation, except for clay. When the temperature is between 12 and 25 ° C and the soil moisture is 50%, the seeds begin to sprout. When the temperature is 25 to 35 ° C, the illumination time is long, the soil temperature is high, and the rainfall is sufficient, the shoot growth is vigorous. It can naturally winter in areas with a temperature of -17 °C. The dry shoots are not strict with the soil, and the plants grow well in sandy loam with high topography, fertile and loose drainage. The soil pH is preferably neutral and slightly alkaline. The rhizome of low-water stagnant water is perishable. Its planting techniques are as follows:
First, land preparation: It is advisable to choose sandy soil, flat land or gentle slope land with high terrain, sunny, deep soil and good drainage. If planted on a barren hillside, it is advisable to turn over the ground in the autumn and winter of the first year, so that it will have a weathering and ripening process for a period of time. In the spring of next year, it will be ploughed again to remove roots, weeds and stones. Planted with cultivated land, ploughed 1 time before planting, 2000 kg per mu of soil manure, 25 kg of superphosphate, 50 kg of cake fertilizer as base fertilizer, shallow simmering once after application, so that the loam is mixed, and the height is 20 Centimeters, 120 to 130 cm wide, and 30 cm wide grooves for drainage. There is no need to squat on gentle slopes and hills. Second, the seeding method: seedling transplanting, seed seeding two ways.
Retention and treatment: Choose a 2-year-old shooter that grows robustly and without pests and diseases as a seeding place, and strengthen management. From September to October, when the shell turns yellow, it will split, and when the seeds turn black, the picking fruit will be harvested in batches, and the indoor ventilation area will be dried and threshed. The threshed seeds are placed in a ventilated and dry place, the outer seed coat moisture is dried, and the seeds and wet sand are mixed at a ratio of 1:5, and stored for storage. The dried seeds are soaked in water for 6 to 7 days before sowing. Change the water once a day, add the fine sand and wash, then take out the seeds and sow. The treated seeds germinated quickly and the germination rate was over 80% (seed life 2 years).
1. Seedling transplanting: that is, in the flattening of the fine seedbed, in the spring from late March to early April, or autumn and winter from September to mid-December, the line is broadcast, with spring sowing as well. Striping: According to the seeding groove with a line spacing of 20 cm and a depth of 6 cm, the seeds are evenly sprinkled in the ditch, covering 5 cm thick fine soil, and the grass is 3 cm thick. The amount of seeds used per 667 square meters is about 10 to 12 kilograms. After one year of growth, the plants were transplanted with a row spacing of 30 to 40 cm and a plant spacing of 20 to 25 cm. Seedling an acre of land, you can transplant 6 to 8 acres of land.
2. Seed broadcast: Spring sowing is carried out in early March and autumn sowing is carried out in October. On the whole surface of the ground, the row spacing is 40 cm and the groove depth is 6 cm. The seeds are evenly spread into the ditch, covered with fine soil 5 cm, slightly pressed and watered, and covered with grass 3 cm. Strengthen the management after sowing, keep the soil moist, in order to facilitate seed germination and seedling growth. Seedlings are excavated and weeded in time. When the seedling height is 6-10 cm, the seedlings and seedlings are divided into 2 to 3 times. The weak seedlings and seedlings are removed. The seedlings and seedlings are left, and 1 to 2 seedlings per hole are kept. Approximately centimeter is appropriate. The amount of land used per mu is about 5 kg.
Third, field management:
1. Interplanting and weeding: After shoot drying or transplanting, it is necessary to dip and weed in order to facilitate plant growth, usually 3 to 4 times a year. If it is the first year of spring sowing, it will be carried out once in May, July and September. It will be carried out three times in the second year, in March, June and October. After the closure of the line, no more cultivating and weeding. In addition, after the plants are yellow in November each year, combined with cultivating and weeding soil for 1 time, the fine soil in the ditch is used around the rhizosphere to facilitate the wintering of the plants and prevent lodging.
2. Topdressing: Shooting is a fertile plant. In addition to applying the base fertilizer, it is topdressed in the spring, summer, autumn and winter of the second year. In spring and summer, the fertilizer is applied, and 1500 kg of manure and 25 to 30 kg of urea are applied per mu of land, and the hole is applied at a distance of 10 cm outside the plant. In the autumn, apply 10,000-2,000 kilograms of fertilizer, grass-ash ash mixed fertilizer and 25 kilograms of compound fertilizer per mu of land. In winter, 1,500 kg of simmered manure, 20 kg of ash, 25 kg of superphosphate, and 30 kg of compound fertilizer are applied per mu of land, and then applied after mixing. The first two top dressings can promote the growth of stems and leaves on the ground, and the subsequent two top dressings can promote the growth of roots and increase yield.
3. Drainage and watering: Shoot dry and fear water, and drain the ditch in time after heavy rain to remove the water from the ground to prevent the root stem from rot. Although the shoot drying is drought-tolerant, it is necessary to keep the soil moist after seedling and transplanting to facilitate seedling growth. In case of drought during the seedling period, it should be properly watered or irrigated. After the seedling height is 10 cm, the irrigation can be less or not.
4. Picking buds: If the roots are planted, it can be flowered in the same year; seeding and transplanting or direct seeding will not bloom until the next year, and its flowering period is long, and the flowering results are many. It consumes a lot of nutrients and affects the growth of rhizomes. In addition to the seeding area, the flower buds should be removed after the plants are twitched and the morning buds are dried, and removed in stages and in batches.
Fourth, harvesting and processing: the seed can be harvested for 3 years, and the seedling transplanting can be harvested in 2 years. In the autumn, when the stems and leaves are completely withered (the seeds are first harvested), the rhizomes are dug. After digging back, remove the soil, dry it to a semi-dry, use a fire to remove the hair, then dry or dry.
V. Planting Benefits: At present, most of them choose the cultivation method of seedling transplanting. After one year of seedling transplanting, they can be harvested after transplanting for 1 to 2 years. The amount of dry shoots used is 5-6 kg, and the amount of seed under the forest can be controlled at 3-4 kg. The output of dry goods is about 200-250 kilograms per mu. At present, the market is 30-35 yuan per kilogram, and the output value per mu is 6000-7500 yuan.
For the description of the species: supply the latest harvested seeds of this year, 3000 kg, 45 yuan / kg, pure new seeds, quality assurance.
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