It is predicted that a cold weather of 3-4 days will occur again in the later part of mid-October. The “cold dew wind†is very harmful to the late rice, and generally can reduce the seed setting rate by about 20%, which often results in serious reduction of the late rice production. Especially in the heading and flowering stage of rice, the “cold dew wind†may lead to poor flowering and pollination of rice, impeded grouting, increased empty grains, half empty grains and dark grains, and even appeared the phenomenon of “pilfering neck spikesâ€, resulting in a significant decrease in yield. Non-heading rice will also produce dry leaf due to the effect of dry wind or low temperature, which will result in the late growth and development of rice strains, resulting in reduced yield. According to reports, more than 50,000 mu of rice in Qingcheng City, Qingyuan City, was found empty this time due to the "cold dew wind" and persistent dry weather this year. The “cold dew wind†is more harmful to late hybrid rice production. The 6,000-mu hybrid rice field in Jishui Town, Lianjiang City was affected by this strong “cold dew†and was almost completely lost. The direct cause of the loss was The seed production base is benefiting from a tuyere in the south of the “cold dew wind†and it happened to be just a few days after spraying “920†phytohormones on hybrid rice production fields. For late rice grown on a large area, there is currently no effective measure to prevent “cold dewâ€. However, the severity of the “cold dew†hazard has a certain relationship with cultivation management and fertilizer and water conditions. Therefore, according to weather forecasting, appropriate preventive measures can be taken to mitigate the “cold dew wind†hazard to some extent. I. According to the safe heading period of each place, we should reasonably arrange the sowing and cutting period according to the length of the breeding period of the variety and the local safety heading date, determine the broadcast and cutting period of the late rice, and fight for the heading and flowering before the “cold dew wind†harm emerges. Over the "cold dew wind" hazard. 1. Suitable late sowing date for conventional late rice in various suitable sowing dates is in mid-late June; late-maturing hybrid rice is from late June to early July, and other autumn-turning varieties are in mid-July. The mountainous areas in northern Guangdong should be properly sowed according to local climate characteristics. 2, suitable for the period of northern Guangdong mountainous transplanting period from late July to early August, central and southern Guangdong Province in early August, be sure to plug in before and after the "Early Autumn". Second, the water temperature, humidity control, improve the field of microclimate water heat capacity than air. Irrigation can increase field temperature and humidity and reduce leaf transpiration. When the “cold dew wind†comes, the deep water should be immediately poured to avoid the loss of heat in the soil and slow down the cooling process. If daytime temperatures are high and nighttime temperatures are low, daytime night irrigation is used to protect field temperatures. In addition, artificial spray and artificial sprinkler irrigation methods can also be used, which can effectively improve the temperature and humidity in the field. 3. Adding wind-resistant fertilizer before the wind, and timely reseeding after the wind, for weaker growing conditions, turning over the red seedlings, should be suitable for applying nitrogen fertilizer 3 days before the “cold dew wind†damage invasion, which can increase rice resistance and reduce Bao Neck phenomenon, to prevent early "collection of corpses." However, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer must be appropriate. If it is used in too much amount, it will cause leaf color to be greedy, not only easy to suffer from diseases and insect pests, but also because of the consumption of carbon nutrients, it will reduce the ability to withstand cold. After being attacked by “cold dew windâ€, the vigor of rice plants is generally weakened. Therefore, it is necessary to timely supplement fertilizer to restore the vigor of rice plants, promote grouting, and ensure that the grains are full. Fourth, during the "cold dew" period or after the extra-root fertilizer This is a good measure to combat "cold dew". Can spray urea, phosphate fertilizer, urine, plant ash, potassium chloride and so on. Specific methods are: 1 per acre with 3 kg of phosphorus fertilizer + urine 10 kg + 120 kg of water spray; 2 acres of urea 1 kg + phosphate 2 kg + plant ash 20 kg + 120 kg of water spray; 3 urea per acre 1 kg of pounds of potassium + potassium + 120 pounds of water spraying; 4 pounds of urea per gram + 0.5 pounds of phosphate fertilizer + 120 pounds of water sprayed. 5 Single shot phosphate fertilizer 40 times or urea 200 times or potassium dihydrogen phosphate 500 times the effect is better. In addition, spraying growth hormone to increase production spirit, gibberellic acid (90%), trace elements of molybdic acid, sodium humate, etc., in the appropriate amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer also has a certain effect of increasing production. V. Doing a good job of preventing and controlling diseases and insect pests As a result of the "cold dewness," the seedlings will be damaged or lodged mechanically, causing bacterial blight and bacterial leaf streak. It will also cause damage to rice planthoppers and other pests. Therefore, we must pay close attention to the occurrence of pests and diseases and do a good job of prevention and control of pests and diseases.
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