First, the cause of degradation of bee species.
1. The degradation of hybridization. The raised bee colonies are randomly crossed in the air without isolation conditions, or the queen bee and the male drone of the species are randomly mated.
2. Inbreeding. In most small bee farms, the queen of bees used for self-breeding often leads to a closer relationship among bee colonies, which can easily cause degenerative degradation.
3. Bad selection. When selecting the species, the investigation of the excellent characteristics of the population is incomplete, or the hybrid queen bee is mistakenly selected as the bee species, resulting in the degradation of the breeding offspring species.
4. Poor environmental conditions cause "pseudo-degradation." The performance of each bee species can be expressed, and it is required to have suitable climate, close source and other conditions and feeding management techniques. Blind introduction or long-distance breeding, resulting in ecological conditions, or improper feeding methods and pests and diseases, can cause bee species degradation.
Second, optimize rejuvenation measures.
1. Purification and rejuvenation. If the bee species is degraded due to mixed species, the economic traits and productivity of the bee colony can be inspected and morphologically identified. The bee colonies that meet the criteria for breeding can be bred using group breeding methods. Each generation is selected. Keep bee colonies that meet the criteria of sexuality for reproduction. After successive breeding of several generations according to this method, purification and rejuvenation effects can be achieved.
2. Hybrid purification. If the bee species degeneration is caused by inbreeding, it can be purified and rejuvenated by hybridization in this species or strain. The method is: every three to four years, from the outside to introduce part of the blood relatives of the queen bee, and the breeding bee colony of this field for optimal hybridization, so that its pedigree renewal. Through bee colony renewal, selection and breeding can continue according to the method of group breeding.
3. Optimize the feeding environment. The "pseudo-degradation" caused by bad environment has not actually degenerated. At this time, appropriate honey sources and climatic conditions should be selected, and feeding and management methods conforming to their biological characteristics should be adopted, and at the same time attention should be paid to the control of bee-sick diseases so that excellent seed species can be restored.
4. Combination of strong and weak bee colonies. Consolidating bee colonies is an important measure to avoid the chronic degradation of bee species and is a regular part of bee production. All vulnerable bee colonies should often merge with strong bees. The combination of strong and weak bee colonies has the following advantages: the late autumn combination can ensure safe wintering; the early spring combination can accelerate the growth of bee colonies; the combination of flowing honey phase can organize a strong group of potentials to collect honey and obtain a bumper harvest; the combination of the broken honey can save feed and prevent Stealing bees. The principle of merging bee colonies should be the integration of weak groups into strong groups, the incorporation of non-kings into groups of kings, and the incorporation of inferior kings into the group of superior kings. If both groups have queen bees, they should propose the queen bee that is ready to be merged into the bee colony and wait until the queen bee colony has lost the king's emotion before they can merge. Merger swarms should be performed in the evening.
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