(1) Feeding of cows during the perinatal period (refers to the periods within 15 days before and after the cows' delivery) 1. For cows 15 days prior to delivery, high quality hay should be fed to the cows, and concentrates should be increased as appropriate, but the maximum amount can be fed. The amount must not exceed 1% of the weight of the cow. 2. For cows within 7 days before delivery, feed silage and distiller's feed are stopped, salt is reduced, and low-calcium diets are fed, and the calcium content is reduced to l/2 to 1/3 of the normal feeding amount. High calcium induces postpartum spasms. 3. Within 2 to 8 days before delivery, bran content may be properly increased in the concentrate to prevent cows from constipation. 4. The cow should drink 10-20 kg of warm bran salt calcium soup after delivery (500 grams of bran, 50 grams of salt, and 50 grams of calcium carbonate) in order to facilitate the recovery of the cow's strength and discharge of the placenta. 5. In order to make the cow lochia net and postpartum recovery of the uterus as soon as possible, should also be fed hot motherwort brown sugar water (Leonurus powder 250 grams, add 1.5 kilograms of water, after Jian Shui agent, add 1 kg of brown sugar and 8 kg of water, drink Temperature 40-50 °C) once a day, and even served 2 or 3 times. 6. Appropriately increase post-partum levels of calcium in the diet (from 0.2% of dry matter in the diet to 0.6%) and salt content. After 3 to 4 days postpartum, the cow has good appetite, health, and normal feces. The disappearance of breast edema can increase the amount of concentrate and silage gradually with the increase of milk production. It is advisable to increase the amount of concentrate by 0.5 to 1 kg per day. (II) Feeding dairy cows during lactation (16 to 100 days after childbirth) The key to raising cows in the lactation period is to take all effective measures to seize the milk production peak. Each rise of 1 k g in milk production peaks, and the corresponding milk production during lactation Increase 200 kg. 1. Increase the amount of concentrate feed to promote milk: Nissan milk 20 kg to 7 ~ 8.5 kg, Nissan milk 3O kg to 8.5 ~ 10.0 kg, Nissan milk 40 kg to 10 ~ 12 kg of fine material, but the highest grain feed daily Feed no more than 15k g. 2. Supply high quality roughage: Silage 20k g per head per day, hay for any cattle to eat freely, in order to maintain the rumen normal digestive function. 3. Feed the green and succulent feed: such as fresh grass, carrots, potatoes, vegetables, dregs, etc., dregs feed is good palatability, can increase feed intake, daily feed each root feed 3 to 5 kg, dross Feeds up to 12 kilograms. 4. Dietary nutritional standards: dry matter intake 16.5 ~ 23 kg; milk production net energy 40 ~ 52; crude protein 16% ~ 20%; crude fiber 18% ~ 20%; calcium 0.7% -1.0%; phosphorus 0.46 %-0.7%. Diets should pay attention to the supply of minerals and vitamins; the ratio of crude to crude should be 65:35. (III) Feeding cows in the middle and late stages of lactation 1. Concentrate feeding standard: Nissan milk 30 kg to concentrate 7-8 kg, daily milk 20 kg to concentrate 6.5-7.5 kg, daily milk 15 kg to concentrate 6- 7 kg. 2. Roughage feed standard: silage, green feed 15 to 20 kg per head per day, 10 to 12 kg of dregs feed, 5 kg of juicy roots feed, hay free to eat, but at least 4 kg should also be guaranteed.
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