The field management of asparagus overwintering includes a series of measures such as garden clearing, top dressing, watering, soil loosening, disinfection, weeding, etc. The purpose is to ensure the safe overwintering of asparagus and make full preparations for the harvest in the following year.
1. Clear the garden. Garden cleaning refers to a thorough cleaning of the bamboo shoots field, mainly to remove the withered asparagus stems and branches and remaining stubble leaves. Clearing the garden is not only conducive to harvesting, but also an important measure to prevent and control diseases, pests and weeds. The garden must be cleaned thoroughly, especially in some plots with serious diseases and insect pests. Thoroughly clearing the garden will help reduce pathogenic bacteria and control the occurrence of diseases. The specific method is as follows: when the stems and branches of asparagus are completely withered, pluck the stems and branches individually by hand. If the aboveground part is not completely withered, it cannot be removed, otherwise it will cause a waste of nutrients and affect the yield and quality of next year; furthermore, the stems and branches that are not withered are not easy to remove, and the scale buds are easily damaged by forced removal. In addition, do not use a knife to clean the garden, be sure to pull out the dead stems individually, remove the residue, and sweep out the shoots along with the litter and burn them together.
2. Soil disinfection, prevention and control of pests. After the garden is strictly cleared, a considerable number of pathogens still remain in the soil. In order to further reduce pathogens and control the occurrence of diseases, the soil must be disinfected after the garden is cleared. The specific method is: (1) spraying chlorothalonil 600-800 times liquid or 50% carbendazim 300-500 times liquid; (2) carbendazim 500-600 times liquid or agricultural resistance 120-200 times liquid for root irrigation.
3. Top dressing, watering, soil loosening, weeding. Ditching and topdressing on both sides of the plant. The topdressing should not be too close to the root system. Generally, 50 kg of compound fertilizer and 1000 kg of mature high-quality soil fertilizer should be applied per acre. temperature. After fertilization, spray the herbicide chloraniline with 140-200 ml per mu to prevent over-year-old weeds (before the shoots emerge in early spring, after cultivating the soil, spray mixed herbicides, and use 140 ml per mu with fluchlorfen. 70 ml of Gulong is used to prevent and control annual weeds. Herbicides are prohibited during harvest).
Note: ⑴Pulling out dead branches should be done in the next few days when the weather is fine and fine. Do not water immediately after plucking, otherwise it will easily cause wound infection and cause underground parts to rot. ⑵Remaining stems, dead branches and fallen leaves must be removed thoroughly, and burned in a place far away from the shoot field. (3) When top dressing, the fertilizer must be far away from the plant, not to damage the root system, and fully decomposed farm manure must be applied.
4. Pest control. Asparagus diseases include stem blight, brown spot, rust, root rot, etc. The main pests are Spodoptera litura, cutworm, golden needle insect, aphids, red spider and so on. Prevention and control methods: strengthen garden clearing and flood prevention in winter. Chemical control can be sprayed 1:1:300 Bordeaux mixture, thiophanate methyl, carbendazim, dirust sodium, agricultural resistance, etc., spray once in 7-10 days, continuous 2 to 3 times; insect pests can choose trichlorfon, Spray control such as chlorothalonil, deltamethrin, methaphisone, and sulfamebutin.
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