Non-pollution melon vegetables, including: cucumber, melon, etc.
1. The basic situation of major pests and diseases
The main diseases are: downy mildew, blight, wilt, powdery mildew, anthrax, gray mold, bacterial angular spot, and sclerotiorum. Insect pests include: aphids, greenhouse whitefly, and spotted fly.
2. Characteristics of major diseases and insect pests
In spring and rainy days, cucumbers in greenhouses and spring sowing spots are susceptible to downy mildew, gray mold, and bacterial keratopathies; drought and dry rain are prone to powdery mildew and locust infestations; rain is fine and high temperatures, and blight is heavy; summer heat Rainy blight, anthrax easily occur.
3. Control measures
Agricultural measures:
(1) Choose disease-resistant varieties according to local conditions. Cucumber can be selected from varieties of Jinza, Jinyan, Jinchun, and Jinyou; winter gourd can be used as Daqingpi, Xiaoqingpi and so on.
(2) Implement ploughing, rotation and dumping, strengthen the cultivation and weeding, and clean the field to reduce the number of pathogenic bacteria and insect populations and reduce the number of primary infection sources.
(3) Cultivation of alfalfa: Fields with low topography, poor drainage, and high soil moisture content will adversely affect the growth and development of exposed cucumbers, and they will be beneficial to the occurrence and spread of diseases. Alfalfa or mulching will not only promote root development, but also Enhancing the resistance while reducing the humidity in the field and reducing the infection and spread of soil pathogens can greatly reduce the damage caused by epidemics, char blight, sclerotinia and bacterial angular spot.
Cultivate disease-free strong seedlings
(1) Treat seed with warm water at 55°C for 10-15 minutes, or use 50% carbendazim wettable powder for seed dressing with 0.4% or 25% of seed amount of 0.3% drug, to prevent seed-borne blight. Anthracnose and other diseases.
(2) The use of nutrients (square) for seedlings, disease-free soil as nutrient soil, application of decomposed organic fertilizer and microbial fertilizer during planting, can reduce the occurrence of blight, damping-off, timely removal of seedlings, planting, strict Elimination of diseased plants.
(3) Cucumber grafted with Yunnan black-skinned squash or Nanzheng No. 1 as rootstock can effectively control cucumber wilt and reduce the occurrence of epidemic diseases.
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