Reasons and preventive measures for fruit cracking in facility grapes
1. Variety characteristics
a. Reasons for fruit cracking
The berries are closely arranged, and the skin of grapes is inherently thin, so fruit cracking is prone to occur, such as common varieties such as Zana, Xiangfei, Zhengzhou Zaoyu, Victoria, and Kyoho.
b. Preventive measures
Choose anti-cracking varieties, such as red grape, Xiahei, Meirenzhi, Qiuhei and other anti-cracking grape varieties.
2. Excessive changes in soil moisture
a. Reasons for fruit cracking
Drought and water shortage in the early stage of grape fruit planting, heavy rain or flooding during the grape coloring period, resulted in a sudden increase in water content in the pulp, increased swelling of the fruit, breaking the peel, and cracking of the fruit.
b. Preventive measures
Adjust the soil moisture to ensure that there is no shortage of water due to drought and flooding; water in time in dry weather and drainage in time in rainy weather; water every 7-10 during the grape coloring period; maintain soil moisture content at 60-70%, Can effectively prevent grape cracking.
3. Fruit extrusion
a. Reasons for fruit cracking
Large ears retain a large amount of fruit, which leads to too tight fruit kernels, which causes the fruit to squeeze and deform and crack the fruit during the process of fruit expansion.
b. Preventive measures
Do a good job of thinning flowers and fruits and adjusting the density of fruits. It is advisable to load 2500-3000kg per mu of land.
4. Fruit disease or improper medication
a. Reasons for fruit cracking
When powdery mildew and downy mildew are used, the transpiration of leaves will be weakened, causing a large amount of water in the tree to flow to the fruit, which will increase the swelling pressure of the fruit and crack the fruit; using ethephon and abscisic acid to ripen the ripening concentration will also cause the fruit Cracked fruit.
b. Preventive measures
In the early stage of the onset of the grape berries, the diseased fruit should be cut off and then sprayed for prevention and control; the use of Tuojunte during the growing season should not exceed 3 times a year; when using ethephon and abscisic acid for ripening, a reasonable concentration should be prepared.
5. Shelf canopy closed
a. Reasons for fruit cracking
Excessive plant branches and vines, poor ventilation and light conditions, unbalanced water metabolism between leaves and fruit particles, etc., will cause grapes to crack.
b. Preventive measures
The load is adjusted by thinning branches and ears; 2 ears are left on strong branches, 1 ear is left on moderate branches, and 1 ear is left on moderate branches, and no weak branches are left; the side ears are removed in time and the ear tips are pinched to make the ear size moderate; the second swelling stage of the fruit every 5 -7 Spray 500mg/kg rare earth once, and spray twice to prevent fruit cracking.
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