First, the impact of light on sexual maturity
Short-term illumination, especially persistent darkness, inhibits the development of the reproductive system and delays sexual maturation; prolonged light promotes reproductive organ development and sexual maturation is advanced. This effect of light is through the pineal gland. After the retina feels light stimulation, it regulates the activity of the nerves that dominate the pineal gland. These nerves release a transmitter and control the formation of the pineal gland 5-hydroxy-indole-o Methyltransferase, which controls the synthesis of melatonin (MLT). MLT is mainly synthesized in the dark, it can inhibit pituitary synthesis and release of gonadotropins; prolonged light can reduce the production of MLT, reduce its inhibition of gonadotropin secretion, thus affecting reproductive function. It was found in production that if the spring-born puppies were born in an environment where the sunshine duration was prolonged, the sexual maturation time was 1 to 2 weeks earlier than that of the pups born in the autumn.
Second, the impact of light on reproduction
According to the current research results, light has a greater impact on reproductive performance. Studies have shown that light in the rabbit house is 14 to 16 hours per day, and light is not less than 4 watts per square meter, which is conducive to the normal estrus, pregnancy and childbirth of female rabbits. Male rabbits prefer shorter light hours, which generally take 12 to 14 hours. Continuous light for more than 16 hours will cause weight loss and sperm count reduction in male rabbits, affecting the breeding ability. According to information, under the ambient conditions of 20~24°C and full darkness, 1 watt of light is supplemented per square meter for 2 hours. Although the female rabbit has certain fertility, the conception rate is very low, and the conception rate of one breeding is only 30. About %; if the light is increased to 15 watts per square meter and the light is 12 hours, then the fertility rate of one-time breeding can reach about 50%. Under the same illumination intensity for 16 hours, the female rabbit's conception rate can reach 65-70%, and the survival rate of the pups can also be significantly improved. Therefore, increasing the intensity and time of light can significantly improve the fertility rate of female rabbits and the survival rate of pups.
Third, light effects on rabbit breeding and nutrition have a synergistic effect
The study found that in the winter of short days (10 to 12 hours of sunshine time), the female rabbits are in a long period of estrangement, and the females of normal estrus are less than 20%. When the increase of the illumination time reaches 14-16 hours per day, the female rabbit's *** rate increases to around 605. Increased light while increasing nutrition, especially Vitamin A and vitamin E, to 10,000 units/kg and 50 mg/kg, respectively.
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