Reasonable rotation planting of different vegetables can not only cause pathogens to lose their parasitic environment, but also achieve the purpose of reducing or eliminating pests and diseases, and at the same time can increase production and income.
After planting onions and garlic, planting another crop of Chinese cabbage can reduce plant diseases, use less medicine, and increase income. Vegetables of the same family are not suitable for rotation. For example, tomatoes, eggplants, peppers and sweet peppers belong to the Solanaceae family, so they are not suitable for rotation. Never let cucumbers and tomatoes be planted next to each other, or after planting cucumbers and tomatoes, they inhibit each other and reduce yield. Tomatoes can be intercropped with edamame, cabbage, bulb fennel, onion, garlic, etc. At the same time, the autumn shed tomato interplanting side dishes can lower the ground temperature. Interplanting tomatoes with sweet corn can induce moths to lay eggs to achieve the purpose of concentrated elimination, ensuring production and increasing income. Pepper is not suitable for continuous cropping with Solanaceae crops, but can be intercropped with short-stalk crops such as leaf vegetables, root vegetables, and peanuts. Rotating melons and leafy vegetables for 3 to 5 years can significantly increase production. The first potato crops are onions, garlic and cucumbers, followed by cereal crops and soybeans. Use green onion stubble to cultivate Chinese cabbage and melon vegetables. Early-maturing radishes are planted during the period before the growth of green onions, and overwintering crops such as spinach are interplanted in the later period. Watermelon rotation is more than 5-8 years. Rotation crops are: wheat, rice, corn, radish, sweet potato and green manure. Rotation of lotus root and rice, early lotus root can be planted after harvesting cress, Cigu, and water chestnuts. Lotus roots are often rotated with Cigu, water chestnuts, and water chestnuts every other year, or intercropped with water chestnuts.
Attention should be paid when interplanting: early maturity and dwarf plants should be selected; the symbiosis period should be shortened as soon as possible, and the peak period of product organ formation should be staggered; less competition for temperature, light, water, fertilizer and affecting management. Attention should be paid to crop rotation: choose early harvest vegetables such as solanaceous fruits; choose vegetables that have been fertilized more in the previous crop, such as cucumbers and watermelons. Green onions and garlic are the first crops, which can reduce pests and diseases. Chinese cabbage is planted on the leek ridge or between the garlic ridges, and the disease is significantly reduced.
Three principles must be mastered for crop rotation and interplanting: Generally, leafy vegetables that require more nitrogen, and solanum fruits that require more phosphorus in subsequent cropping arrangements. Cucumbers, celery, and spinach that absorb fat quickly, and the next best tomatoes, eggplants, peppers, etc., which absorb more organic fertilizers. Pay attention to the influence of vegetables on soil pH. Planting potatoes and cabbage will increase soil acidity, while planting corn, pumpkins, etc. will reduce soil acidity. Therefore, onion vegetables that are sensitive to acidity can be used as subsequent crops of corn and pumpkin to obtain high yields. Vegetables with long and short growth periods should be planted in a reasonable combination of vegetables that require more and less fertilizer. Planting legume vegetables can increase the content of soil organic matter and improve soil fertility, while long-term planting of leafy vegetables that require more nitrogen will cause the nutrient elements in the soil to lose balance.
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