Yingde Kuding Tea is a kind of arbor-type plant with evergreen, deep roots and luxuriant foliage. It has the good name of “Cash Tree†and its cultivation and management technical regulations are as follows. Ecological conditions 1. Climate conditions require an average annual temperature of 15°C or more, an annual accumulated temperature of 4500°C or more, a minimum temperature of no less than -5°C, an annual sunshine duration of 1600 hours or more, and an annual rainfall of 1500 ml or more. More than 80% humidity. The subtropical climate of Guangdong is suitable for the growth of Kuding tea. Second, the soil requires slightly acidic pH requirements, pH value of 4.5 -6.5, the soil is not dry, water retention is strong, easy to drain and easy irrigation. The soil is deep and loose, rich in organic matter, good in appearance, and free from hard soil. Tea garden construction First, the tea garden has ample water sources and a good slope or flat area of ​​natural vegetation. It is advisable that the slope should not exceed 30 degrees to avoid erosion of water and soil. The tea plantation is located in a convenient location and can be used for transportation and mechanical farming of vehicles. The surrounding environment is good and there are no large factories, mines and other pollution sources. Second, tea plantation reclamation with agricultural machinery or animal power first plough push, deep plowing up to about 100 cm, destroy the hard soil under the top soil. At the same time, combined application of organic fertilizers, mixed soil miscellaneous fertilizers, increase the organic matter colloids in the soil, form a good soil structure, improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, enhance the ability of water storage and fertilizer, and create suitable conditions for root development of Kuding tea. Third, planting specifications require row spacing of 21 meters or 1.51.5 meters, the size of the hole is 7580 centimeters. The bottom of the hole is filled with fire or earth fertilizer, which is burned with weeds, grass residues, and topsoil, with a thickness of 25 cm; then the fermented manure (such as pigs, cattle, and sheep manure) and the cake manure (such as peanut cake) are filled in. , rapeseed cake, sesame cake, etc., must be brewed), and a small amount of compound fertilizer (mainly phosphorus, potassium), mixed with the topsoil, filling thickness of 15 cm, and then fill in the topsoil 15 cm, the remaining in the planting When the red and yellow soil fills the soil to the height of the surface. The method of planting kudingcha planting time is appropriate for the first three months of the year to facilitate the rapid rooting and sprouting of the tea plants after the spring blossoms. Seedlings take annual or two-year vegetative propagation seedlings, plant height 30-35 cm, the main stem thick 0.5 cm above healthy seedlings, without pests and diseases. When planting, the tea seedlings are straightened in one hand, and the red and yellow soils are filled in one hand to a height of the thick soil surface. After the planting, the roots are periodically compacted. At the same time to water, timely cover rice straw or other dry branches, keep moist and conducive to root growth. Tea Garden Management First, the tea gardens have a grassy habit. The tea plantation can not only keep warm and moist, but also inhibit the growth of weeds and preserve fertility and moisture. The time for grass planting ends before the drought season from late May to mid-June. About 50 cm around the tea bush was covered with a layer of grass, with a thickness of 3-4 cm. The amount of grass used per acre was 1500-2000 kg. The grass could be buried in the soil during autumn farming. If conditions permit, in order to prevent cold damage to the tea tree in November before the winter season, the second time the grass can be planted. The method is the same as the first time. It can be used to protect the seedlings from cold and increase the survival rate. Second, the use of intercropping green manure or legumes to grow solar hemp, Sesbania, Piedmont, and large-leaf pig cowpeas can increase soil fertility. In the winter, it can also be used to make milk vetch, alfalfa and lupine. The legumes are planted with rhizobium peanuts, soybeans, etc., but attention can not be paid to plant food crops, especially high-stalked corn, cassava, etc., so as not to compete with tea trees for water, affecting the growth of tea. Green manure and legume crops are returned to the field after harvest and buried in the soil. Third, tea garden irrigation watering in order to maintain the normal growth of the tea tree, the soil can be kept moist. Tea gardens should be excavated with drainage irrigation ditch. The main ditch is set every 200-300 meters, with a depth of 1.5 meters, a face width of 50 centimeters, and a width of 25 centimeters at the end. The ditch is provided with a reverse tilt, which acts as a buffer to prevent collapse. The branching ditch is perpendicular to the main ditch and is parallel to the tea line. It is about 30-50 cm deep and 30 cm wide. The slope of the ditch is 60 degrees and it is set every 20-40 meters. Fourth, the combination of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer is applied in the tea garden fertilization, and it is carried out in a thin manner. Only in this way can a good fertilization effect be achieved, and the tea tree can be promoted to grow well and achieve high yield and quality. Appropriately suitable for top dressing. During autumn and winter farming, deep base fertilizers are used to grow roots and expand the canopy. Fertilizers are urea potassium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, or multiple compound fertilizers; organic fertilizer is combined with cake fertilizer, manure fertilizer, and human and animal urine. 5. Dwarfing and canopy cultivation Kuding tea tree is a kind of arborous plant with strong apical dominance. Its natural growth height can reach more than 40 meters, and the canopy covers an area of ​​nearly 100 square meters, which is not conducive to picking and maintaining high yield and quality. Therefore, pruning, bending and picking should be used to control the vertical height of the tree, weaken the apical dominance, promote the low branching of the trees, and expand the width as much as possible in the plane to form a high-yield and high-quality canopy. The height of tree-crowd dwarfing time should be completed within 1-2 years after planting, and the tree height should be about 1.3 meters. Tea picking Kudingcha leaves large leaves as large as the palm, so picking should pay attention to adopt tender and strong leaves. The young tea trees are mainly cultivated and harvested as supplements. When the tea plants are put into production, they are mainly harvested and supplemented with cultivation. In general, they should adopt the combination of harvesting and breeding. Attention should be paid to maintaining the balance of the crown. The picking standard should be 6-7 leaves for new shoots or 4 leaves for the formation of clips. This is the mid-range tea standard; high-grade tea adopts one bud with two leaves and one bud with three leaves, picking and leaving one leaf, not excessive Finished. Disease and Insect Pest Control Kuding tea has a bitter taste because of its special smell. The sap leaf juice has a certain bitterness, and the pests and diseases are less harmful, so it is very suitable for picking green tea production. Biocontrol is the mainstay of production, supplemented by chemical control. It advocates comprehensive prevention and control of pests and diseases, and does not abuse the use of chemical pesticides to ensure the stability of tea quality.
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