Postpartum sepsis is a systemic, severe infectious disease that is caused by the spread of local inflammatory infections. It is caused by bacteria entering the bloodstream and producing toxins. The disease often occurs in the production of dairy cows, especially in rearing households. The main cause of the disease is caused by inappropriate production of dairy cows during childbirth.
Causes and pathogens
Causes Postpartum sepsis in dairy cows is usually caused by dystocia, fetal spoilage, or miscarriage, and the soft birth canal is subject to trauma and infection. It can also be caused by certain diseases. Such as severe metritis, cervicitis, vaginal vulvitis, retention of placenta, uterine prolapse, delayed uterine involution, and severe purulent necrotizing mastitis.
Pathogens pathogens of the disease, through the monitoring of the incidence of dairy cows. Usually hemolytic streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium pyogenes, Clostridium, etc., but also in clinical mixed infection.
The pathogenesis is due to the trauma of the cows during delivery and the rupture of the lymphatic vessels in the genital tract mucosa, and the resistance of the cow body to bacteria after delivery is reduced. Bacteria can easily invade the body into the bloodstream and produce toxins, leading to clinical sepsis after milking.
Clinical symptoms
Postpartum sepsis is mostly subacute in dairy cows and can be treated promptly after onset. Can generally heal. In case of delay in treatment of acute cases, diseased cattle can die within 2 to 4 days after onset. At the beginning of the disease, the body temperature of the cow suddenly rose to 40~41°C, palpation of the extremities and cold feelings on both ears; the diseased cattle were extremely depressed, often lying down, squatting, head and neck bent on one side, showing a semi-conscious state; Loss of appetite, rumination stopped, but like drinking water; milk production dropped sharply at the same time, completely stop lactation after 2 to 3 days; eye conjunctival hyperemia, and microstrip yellow, late conjunctiva cyanosis, sometimes visible small bleeding points; pulse weak, Every minute up to 90-120 times; breathing faster; close to death, the body temperature dropped sharply, and often spasm. Sleeping fever is a characteristic symptom of sepsis throughout the course of the disease.
At the same time, diseased cows often have symptoms of peritonitis, contractions of the abdominal wall, and palpation sensitivity. With the development of the disease, diseased cattle often have diarrhea, blood in the feces, and stench, sometimes constipation occurs; due to dehydration, eye depression, the performance of highly debilitating. In addition, there is a small amount of foul-stained red or brown liquid in the vagina of the diseased cow, containing tissue debris. During the vaginal examination, the cows showed pain, dry mucous membranes, and stained red. If a wound is seen, the surface is covered with a layer of grayish yellowish secretions or a thin film. Rectal examination can find that the uterine involution is delayed and the uterus is thick and flaccid.
Treatment principles and measures
Postpartum sepsis is a severe systemic infectious disease that is a secondary cause of the spread of local inflammatory infections. The development of the disease is rapid, so treatment must be thorough and thorough.
Thorough treatment of the focus of the lesion on the reproductive tract, can be treated or treated according to endometritis, but the absolute ban on washing the uterus, and to minimize the stimulation of the uterus and vagina to prevent the spread of inflammation and exacerbate the condition. Oxytocin, prostaglandins, and the like may be used to promote the rapid exudation of exudates accumulated in the womb.
The use of antibiotics to control infections eliminates pathogens that invade the body. Systemic antibiotics and sulfonamides should be used in a timely manner, and drug susceptibility tests can be performed conditionally. The amount of antibiotics should be slightly larger than conventional doses and be used continuously until the body temperature drops to normal 2 to 3 days. The clinically commonly used drugs can choose cephalosporin, penicillin, sulfamethazine, sulfadiazine, Houttuynia injection and so on.
Intensive rehydration, enhance body resistance to promote the discharge of toxic substances in the blood and maintain electrolyte balance, prevent tissue dehydration, intravenous glucose and saline can be added: 5% sodium bicarbonate solution and vitamin C in rehydration, while intramuscular injection compound Vitamin B. In addition, cardiac agents, uterine contractions, etc. may be used as appropriate depending on the condition.
Intravenous injection of calcium calcium agent to improve blood permeability, promote microcirculation, improve heart activity has a certain effect. Usually intravenous injection of calcium chloride solution of 10% 150 ~ 200 ml or 10% calcium gluconate solution 500 ~ 800 ml. Due to the strong effect of calcium on the heart, the injection must be as slow as possible, otherwise it may cause shock or sudden death of the heartbeat. Severe disease, the extreme decline in the heart of cattle disease should be avoided.
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