From the market forecast of experts, we learned that at present, all kinds of beautiful fruit bonsai have good prospects in the market. So how do you grow this type of product? Today we will introduce you to a cultivation technique of grape bonsai.
The use of cuttings or layering method to design the grape branches into a bonsai shape such as a curved dragon shape, a flower basket shape, or a fan shape, can be used for viewing and can also obtain delicious pure green fruits. In 2003, the pilot center of the Dong'ai agricultural products deep-processing project in Shandong Province used the ultra-premature potted grape new varieties to cultivate the field in the factory, and in early spring, the fruit was turned red in the middle and late June, and was sold by the flower shops in cities such as Jinan and Shijiazhuang. The pot sold for 30 to 40 yuan, the comprehensive cost of each pot is only about 3 yuan, mu benefits up to 30,000 yuan. Its cultivation techniques include the following aspects:
The first is to choose soil selection. Grapes can adapt to all kinds of soil except heavy saline-alkali soil. The soil must be deep-plowed and organic fertilizer should be applied to improve soil fertility. Grape varieties should be selected for potted early maturing fruit varieties.
The second is exposed cuttings. In northern China, grape cuttings can be done in mid-April. When cutting, the cuttings should be slightly inclined, completely inserted into the soil, and the upper buds should be 1 cm from the ground. Grapes are oriented north and south with a spacing of 17 to 20 cm and a row spacing of 130 to 150 cm.
The third is field management. After the cuttings sprouted, one main vine was left per plant, and the other auxiliary shoots were all removed. When the height of seedlings is 30 cm, in order to prevent lodging, drawing must be done and the grape seedlings must be evenly tied to the wire. When the seedling height is 80 cm, the main vine is picked up. After topping, the upper four shoots were left to grow, and each side shoot grew five leaves and then picked up. After entering June, 200 times Bordeaux mixture was sprayed every 15 days. In order to control pests, after germination of the grapes, except for flowering within 10 days, a low-dose, high-efficiency, low-toxicity, low-residue pesticide should be sprayed every 10 days.
After falling leaves in winter, open a deep ditch with a width of 33 cm in the middle of the row, and then apply mud, cakes, and farmyard fertilizer to the pond and seal the soil after application.
The fourth is pressure pot plastic surgery. The best choice for pots is a 35 to 50 cm diameter ceramic basin with good water permeability and air permeability. Before the sprouting of the grapes in spring, the pots were first buried in the soil along a distance of about 35 cm, and the surface of the pots was slightly lower than the ground. The buds with full shoots and fruitful ability are gently pulled down. The vines are no less than 80 cm long. They are pressed into pots and filled with soil. Put 4 to 5 full shoots on top of the potted soil, then insert a 120 cm long rod and tie the twigs on top. After 20 days of sprouting of the grapes, the vines in the pot are girdled to promote early rooting and rooting. The site of girdling was in the basin close to the end of the root of the plant. The girdling length was 2 cm and the cortex was completely stripped. After the cutting results, five leaves were picked up above the ear so that the plants in the pot were less than 120 cm. Each pot leaves 4 to 6 spikes. Before flowering, half of each ear should be removed to ensure that the ears are uniform and the fruit is even.
The fifth is fertilizer and water management. After the grapes have sprouted, they should be watered immediately. In order to make the pot root system developed, we must always keep the potted soil moist. If the weather is dry, pour water every 4 to 6 days. After the water is poured, cover the surface with wheat bran or rice straw moisturizing. After falling, the grapes should be combined with watering, and the nitrogen and phosphorus compound fertilizer with a concentration of 3% to 5% should be applied every 15 days.
The last is the sale of scissors. It takes 60 to 70 days for the grapes to bloom from sprouting to swelling of the berries. At this time, the root system in the pot is very developed and the pots can be cut. Five days before cutting the pot, spray 2% to 3% of the ash leaching solution on the leaves twice. The day before cutting the pot, some young shoots should be removed to reduce evaporation. Cut the basins to be done after the evening irrigated with water. Use scissors to cut the twigs near the roots of the plants outside the basin. When the vine leaves do not wither at sunny noon, they can be sold on the market.
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