How to plant oyster sauce? Provincial high-quality seedling cultivation technology
What is the provincial oyster sauce? Many friends may not know the official scientific name of this. In fact, the provincial oyster sauce is a sweet flower and a traditional wild vegetable. In recent years, in order to adjust the forestry industry structure in the mountainous areas and the forest farmers to get rid of poverty, a large-scale artificial planting has been carried out with remarkable benefits. Therefore, based on years of experimental research and successful experience in seedling cultivation, some experts have summarized the cultivation techniques of high-quality and strong seedlings in the province.
1 Seed collection and storage
1.1 Seed Collection
The eucalyptus eucalyptus is bladder-like, 2-lobed, yellow-yellow, bright, with a waxy layer. The ripening time is usually in the middle of September. When the color of the peel is yellowish, it can be picked. Seeds should be picked from the seed or the trees that are preferably identified as good seeds. After picking, they should be placed in a cool place to dry. When about 80% of the capsules are cracked, they can be hand-picked and the seeds are selected by air.
1.2 Seed dewaxing treatment
There is a layer of wax on the outside of the seed of the eucalyptus oil. If the seed is directly germinated, the germination rate is very low. Therefore, the seeds should be dewaxed before sowing, and the difference in dewaxing time will also affect the germination rate of the seeds. Studies have shown that the seeds stored after dewaxing are faster and more homogeneous than ordinary seeds, and the germination rate can exceed 90%, and the germination rate of seeds after dewaxing treatment can be increased by 40%. Specific dewaxing method: Prepare 0.5% sodium hydride solution, then put the dried seeds in it and stir it quickly. After 10 minutes, remove it and rinse it quickly with water. It can also be mixed with grass ash and seeds for 12h, then handæ‰æ“ Remove the wax layer and rinse off with water.
1.3 Seed storage
The harvested seeds should be placed in a ventilated place to dry, remember to spread and often flip, and it is strictly prohibited to expose to the sun. De-wax the seeds, then select the place where the ventilation is sunny, and pour the clean sand of 20cm thick at the bottom of the pit, then 1 layer of seed, 1 layer of fine sand (3cm thick sand), layered and laid, total The thickness should not be larger than 60cm. Finally, the top is covered with fine sand with a thickness of 30cm, so that the temperature inside the pit is kept at 10-15 °C and the humidity is about 40%. Always check the temperature and humidity inside the pit to prevent environmental changes from affecting seed germination.
2 Nursery selection and farming
2.1 Selection
The provincial eucalyptus oil is a neutral shade tree, prefers a humid climate and requires fertile and well-drained soil. Therefore, it is advisable to choose a place with leeward wind, easy irrigation and drainage, and convenient transportation. It is better to use semi-shain slope and semi-sun slope; the soil needs to be loose and fertile, and the texture is suitable for sandy soil to light clay loam, granular or aggregate structure. , soft and multi-void, humic content of 2% to 4%, slightly acidic.
2.2 Cultivated land and fertilizer
The depression must be deeply cultivated. For the newly-developed depression, the weed shrubs should be removed, the soil should be dug, and the soil should be weathered for a period of time. Before the sowing in winter and spring, two or two digging or digging will be carried out 1 or 2 times. Then, the soil is made into a bed; when using rice fields or ripening seedlings, the drainage ditch should be opened before the fall and winter, the second plow and the second plow, combined with the application of the base fertilizer and soil disinfection, the deep tillage generally requires more than 30cm.
The amount of fertilizer applied depends on the nature of the soil, the fertility status and the type of fertilizer. Fertilization should be combined with ploughing and stratification, and the amount of surface fertilizer should be increased to facilitate the development and growth of seedling roots. Usually put 15 ~ 30t / hm2 of farmyard manure, or 450 ~ 750kg / hm2 of compound fertilizer, 450 ~ 750kg / hm2 of calcium magnesium phosphate.
The bed is made of high bed to facilitate drainage and ventilation and reduce disease. The bed surface is 100-120 cm wide, 15-20 cm high, and the trail width is 30-40 cm.
3 seed treatment and sowing
3.1 hot bed germination
In the first ten days of March, the hot air bed is germinated in a place where the leeward is sunny and the drainage is smooth. The bed is 1m wide and the length depends on the number of seeds. The bottom of the bed is covered with 10cm thick wet sand, which is sprinkled with 1 layer of seeds, and then covered with 2cm thick wet sand. The humidity of the sand is about 65%. After sowing, it is made into a plastic arch shed with a height of 50-60cm, and is often watered to keep the bed. The surface is moist and the temperature inside the shed is kept above 15 °C.
3.2 Seeding at the right time
When the seeds of the hot bed germination are 40% white, the seedbed is disinfected with 500 times of ferrous sulfate. Seeding ditch on the seedbed, the ditch depth is 3 to 5 cm, the width is 8 to 12 cm, and the row spacing is 35 to 40 cm. Then, the seeds are evenly spread on the seedbed (density of about 2000 grains/m2), and then evenly covered with fine sand of 2 to 3 cm thick, or covered with fine loam.
4 seedling management
Do a good job in the field management of seedlings, timely weeding and weeding, according to the growth of seedlings, timely application of topdressing, timely watering and drainage. To make the seedlings shade, the method is to plant corn at a high density between the beds, and the shading effect of the corn plants is better. Scientifically control pests and diseases. Through careful management, the annual seedling height can reach 70cm or more and the ground diameter is more than 0.8cm. It can produce 180,000 to 225,000 plants/hm2 of high-quality seedlings.
The above is the province's oyster sauce breeding and breeding technology. If you don't know about this variety or want to plant it, you can come to Huinong.com to learn more about its related technology!
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