Immunotherapy: New Trends in Colorectal Cancer Treatment
Colorectal cancer is the third most common malignancy in the world. The incidence of colorectal cancer in China has shown a clear upward trend in the past 10 years. Colorectal cancer has a higher incidence in major cities and is the third most common cancer in the North. Eating better, less exercise, and increased obesity will increase the risk of colorectal cancer.
Immunotherapy aids the development of treatment
The treatment of colorectal cancer has developed rapidly in recent years, and the improvement of the survival rate of colorectal cancer is mainly due to the continuous renewal of the surgical concept and drugs. In this regard, Professor Deng Yanhong, director of Oncology at the Sixth Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, said: “Twenty years ago it was the era of chemotherapy; 10 years ago was the era of targeted therapy; in the last 5 years and the next 10 years, it was the era of immunotherapy.â€
Immunotherapy is to supplement or strengthen the immune system exogenously to identify and kill tumor cells, help patients improve their quality of life, and prolong their survival. Deng Yanhong pointed out that immunotherapy can be divided into specific and non-specific immunotherapy. The former mainly mobilizes its own immune ability to attack and kill tumor cells. The latter includes thymic fasciolysis and immune cell reinfusion (CIK). CIK has a higher risk. Thymic fasciola is a chemically synthesized 28-amino-acid polypeptide that is identical to the endogenous thymic peptide α1 secreted by the human body. It stimulates autologous T-cell function and improves anti-tumor immune responses in the body. Radiotherapy combined with synergies, improve remission rates, while reducing the toxicity of radiotherapy / radiotherapy.
High-risk groups need early screening
Deng Yanhong reminded people over the age of 45 that both men and women should start screening for colorectal cancer. For high-risk groups of colorectal cancer, it is necessary to conduct early screening. High-risk groups mainly include:
1, long-term gastrointestinal symptoms, such as indigestion, constipation, abdominal pain, diarrhea and so on.
2. There is a family history of cancer, especially a family history of colorectal cancer. First-degree relatives have a colorectal cancer screen starting at the age of 30-35 years;
(3) Beginning screening at the age of 15 to 20 years for genetic syndrome (familial multiple adenomatous polyposis and variants, hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer);
Deng Yanhong suggested that colonoscopy is the preferred method of screening. If there is no abnormal colonoscopy in the general population, do colonoscopy 5 years later. The high-risk population without abnormal colonoscopy screening time was shortened to 3 years.
Good lifestyle can prevent
Colorectal cancer is related to factors such as diet, lifestyle, and genetics. Professor Deng Yanhong said that among the many related factors of colorectal cancer, diet and lifestyle can intervene. Therefore, diet and living habits must be healthy.
The diet should be done in combination with meat and vegetables, with less meat, food, and canned foods, and eat more fruits and vegetables rich in dietary fiber. In addition, you should avoid sedentary exercise and increase your exercise. (Text / Yang Guang)
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