Spring Chinese cabbage is an important variety to solve the off-season of early summer vegetables. It is of great significance to increase the variety of market colors and realize the annual supply of vegetables. According to local experience, the average yield per mu can reach 2000-3000 kg, and the economic and social benefits are relatively significant, which should be appropriately developed.
(1) Variety selection
Should use short growing period, not easy to bolt, high ball rate, heat and disease resistant varieties, such as Beijing Xiaoza 55, Xiaoza 65, Lubai 4, Xiayang 50, Taiyuan 55, etc., should not use mid-late maturity varieties.
(2) Suitable sowing
Spring cabbage is stricter on the sowing date and cannot be too early or too late. Prematurely affected by low temperature, easy to cast moss, too high temperature during late balling, affecting yield and normal ball formation. The most suitable growth temperature for Chinese cabbage is 17-20 °C. If it is lower than 5 °C or higher than 25 °C, it can not grow normally. The ball is grown at 12-18 ° C for best results. All localities should arrange canine cabbage in the optimal temperature growing season according to local climatic conditions. Generally, the central and northern parts of North China are mostly planted from the end of March to the beginning of April. The southern part is mostly planted in the middle and late March. Protected field nursery can be 10-15 days in advance.
(3) Nursery
Most of the northern regions are short in spring, and the time suitable for the growth of Chinese cabbage is also short. In order to increase the yield and output value, the seedling transplanting effect is better. During the nursery period, the temperature should be strictly controlled. It is necessary to prevent the growth under low temperature conditions, pass the vernalization stage too early, and avoid the growth under the high temperature conditions to form long and thin seedlings. The seedling period is generally maintained at 17-22 ° C during the day and 13-15 ° C during the night, not lower than 12 ° C. When the seedlings are 2 pieces of true leaves, they need time and seedlings, and when they are 7-8 leaves, they will release the seedlings. In order to prevent transplanting roots, it is best to use nutrient or nutrient earth to raise seedlings.
(4) Plastic film mulching cultivation
Covering cultivation with plastic film can make early ripening of cabbage, which can effectively prevent early bolting, and generally increase yield by more than 15%. The density of planting Chinese cabbage should be appropriately densely planted with a line spacing of about 40 cm, a plant spacing of 30-35 cm, and about 5,000 plants per acre.
(5) Fertilizer and water management
The spring sowing cabbage has a short growth period, and should be based on the base fertilizer. It is better to apply quick-acting fertilizer. Generally, the high-quality farmyard manure is not less than 3,000 kg, and it is combined with 1000 kg of manure and 10 kg of urea. This can promote the vegetative growth of Chinese cabbage, inhibit the growth and growth, and improve the quality and yield of Chinese cabbage.
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