Breeding Welsh Onion species are generally multiplied by planting, but this method has a long cycle, high cost, and low land utilization. The use of semi-plant breeding method can not only solve the above deficiencies, but the high yield of seed production, generally 667 square meters (1 acre) up to 100 kilograms. Applying this technology, the following points should be mastered.
First, choose a good species of green onions like to eat in the north there are two: First, Changbai Onion, and second, chicken onion. The fine varieties are Shandong Zhangqiu onion, Beijing's Gaobaibai, Hebei's Tangshan, onion, chicken onion, Henan Luoyang holly green onions and so on. Single-grow planting can be used in Shandong Zhangqiu Changbai Indus, Tangshan monologue, Luoyang Holly green onions and so on. Grow more than one row can be planted in Shandong's Zhangqiu Wuye Qi and Hebei's chicken onion and other varieties.
Second, control sowing period green onion is a green body type, usually before the winter plants need to grow to 4 green leaves, stem diameter to reach more than 0.6 cm, in order to pass the greening and convulsions flowering. Therefore, the sowing date is the key to the success or failure of the semi-plant multiplication method. It should generally be planted in mid-July, and it should not exceed July 25 at the latest. If the sowing date is too late, before the low temperature comes, the plant growth will not reach the indicator required by the greening. After the year, it will not be able to convuls the flowering. Even if it can pass the greening, it will also affect the seed yield because of the thinness of the plant.
Third, the fine sowing of the brackish plant breeding is the use of summer sowing seedlings, planting in the autumn, exposed ground winter, so we must first select the nursery field. The ratio of nursery fields to planting fields is 1:6 to 7. The nursery field should be selected from soil fertile, convenient irrigation and drainage plots, can be empty, can also choose the immature spring corn field. No matter which kind of plots you choose, you have to plow or plan, and you need to level things down;
Do 畦 when sowing. If it is a spring corn field, you can borrow the original buckwheat noodles. The width is 70-80 cm. For every 667 square meters, 15 to 20 kg of compound fertilizer is applied, sprinkled on the surface of the sorghum and soil, then watered until the water is completely soaked and then sowed. Seeds of 2.5 to 3 kg per 667 square meters cover 1.5 cm. Fine soil around. In order to prevent weeds in the seedling stage, 33% of weeding can be applied to 100% water and 30kg of mixed water every 667 square meters.
In mid-July and late July, it is at high temperatures in the middle of the summer. To prevent the loss of the shoots and the burning of the sun's sprouts, cover the shade with plant stalks or branches of trees with leaves. After the onion sprouts, the cover will be removed in the evening.
Fourth, after cultivating the strong seedlings, the cotyledons should be watered or sprayed once to facilitate the straightening of the leaves. After emergence and time seedling sparse seedlings, first sparsely dense seedlings, until the seedling height 10 cm after the 5 cm seedling spacing between the seedlings Dingmiao. After drought, in case of drought, it should be watered in time, and topdressing with nitrogen fertilizer 2 to 3 times. Topdressing with urea as the best, the amount of fertilizer first light and heavy, the total fertilizer amount of 15 to 20 kg per 667 square meters is appropriate.
V. Prevention and treatment of major pests Weevil pests are thrips, downy mildew, and purple spot disease. Hummer can be used 40% dimethoate 1000 times or 50% phoxim 1000 times spray, 7 to 10 days to prevent 1 times, to control 2 times is appropriate. Downy mildew can be used 58% metalaxyl 500 times or 75% chlorothalonil 600 times control, spray 7 to 10 days 1, continuous spraying 2 or 3 times. Purple spot disease is the frequent occurrence of scallion. The disease mainly damages the leaves and pedicels. It is a small white spot at the beginning. It expands into a concentric ring-shaped elliptical lesion. There is a black moldy material and the central purple is red, and the leaves are easily broken from the diseased part. It is wet and rainy, and the disease is heavy when the humidity in the field is high. In particular, onion fields that are hit by storms are liable to be injured. Can be used 70% mancozeb WP 500 times, 50% 500% liquid of the enemy, 500% liquid antivirus, 64% antiviral MnZn 500 times and other alternate spraying control.
Six, planting overwintering until the onion seedlings grow to 5 green leaves, stems thicker than 0.7 cm can be planted. Planting should be based on soil fertile, convenient irrigation and drainage plots, combined with ploughing every 667 square meters of high-quality circulatory fertilizer 4000 ~ 5000 kg, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of 15% of three yuan compound fertilizer 30 kg. When planting, press 130 cm wide to make rakes, rakes are 40 centimeters wide, and in the rakes, divide the ditch by 30 centimeters. Each pod has 4 rows. Plant spacing is 5 to 7 centimeters, and 667 square meters is planted at 3000 to 3400. Watering. Do not bury the soil too deep when planting. And should be colonized according to the size of onion seedlings.
After the onion sprouts turn green, apply urea 10 to 15 kg per 667 square meters to the fixed plant ditch and cover the earth after application. Before the winter, the gully will be leveled and the condition can be used to cover the stack of crop stalks and cattle and horse hoops so that the onion seedlings will be overwintering.
Seven years later, the management of semi-plant breeding will be relatively short due to the relatively short growing time of plant nutrition. Therefore, management should be carried out as early as possible to promote the healthy development of plants as much as possible. In the early spring, it is necessary to draw in time and protect the earth. When the new leaves begin to grow, topdressing nitrogen fertilizers should be combined with watering. Usually, 15 to 20 kg of urea is applied per 667 square meters. At the same time, we must also strengthen weeding and weeding.
Watering once every 5 to 7 days after flowering, and applying 30 kg of phosphoric acid compound fertilizer or 8 to 10 kg of diammonium phosphate per 667 square meters with watering. Control the amount of watering at late flowering to promote seed maturation. In early and mid-June, the seeds matured one after another, cutting and drying threshing in stages. The requirements for isolation and demeritization of semi-plant breeding are the same as those for adult planting.
Pest control is the same as in Miaotian.
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