First, improve the ecological environment
The cultivation site should be chosen to be disinfected by taking measures such as turning soil, whitening, and watering in places close to the water source, smooth air, and a wide area, away from the livestock farms, brewery, living area and hospitals. The source water is clean and pollution-free. It is forbidden to spray mushrooms and dip. Cultivation and processing facilities must not store mushroom roots, dead mushrooms, worm-eaten mushrooms, or medium-rejected materials.
Second, a reasonable choice of raw materials
To strictly comply with the new requirements of the WTO/SPS phytosanitary diseases, the use of cotton, wheat straw, corn cobs, bean cakes and other cultivated materials require no mildew and no pesticide residues. Culture materials must not be formulated with any chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and growth hormones. Ingredients, cultivation and management of water to be clean, without any pollution cover material selection of pesticide-free, fertilizer-contaminated barren slope underground soil, used after sun exposure. Livestock and poultry manure in the formulation of fecal grass fungi requires free-range livestock and poultry and does not contain hormones, antibiotics and chemical products.
Third, promote biological control
Preparation of culture materials can be used plant antifungal agents and plant pesticides, such as Chinese herbal medicine basil, Compositae pyrethrum, ester pesticides, woody oil plant rapeseed cake, etc., can be made of plant pesticides for insecticidal, lice. It can also use strong mushroom insects, in the strain selection, culture material ratio, stacking material fermentation, inoculation, mushroom management, all aspects of the management must be strictly controlled, breeding mycelium, fruit body, strengthen their resistance Illness ability. It is also possible to adopt patterns such as rotation and intercropping with specific mushrooms. For example, if bamboo poles have a strong smell, mosquitoes are daunting, and adopting mushrooms and pod rotations are also beneficial to pest control.
Fourth, the implementation of physical sterilization pest control
Vaccination room, bacteria room, clean bench, etc., using a 30-watt UV lamp or electronic ozone generator for sterilization. Cultivation rooms use black light or install sticky board to lure insects such as mosquitoes, flies and leafhoppers. Mushroom (shed) doors and windows installed insect nets, screens and so on. Cultivation and processing of raw materials, tools, facilities, disinfection, use of pasteurization method, steam through the temperature up to 60 °C for 10 hours, do not use formaldehyde, Su Su, sulfur and other chemical drugs.
V. Strict scientific drug use
Adhere to the top of the defense, in the need to use chemical pesticides, must use high efficiency, low toxicity, low residual drug. Such as trichlorfon, octopaside, chlorpheniramine, razulfuron, thiophanate-methyl, metalaxyl, etc., are used after no mushroom or after harvesting of each batch of mushrooms, and attention is paid to small amounts and local use to prevent the expansion of pollution. . It is strictly forbidden to spray pesticides during the fruiting period, and it is forbidden to use methamidophos, methyl 1605, 1059, monocrotophos, water amine phosgene pesticides, omethoate, toxin and other mercury pesticides in the production of mushrooms. And other highly toxic, high residue pesticides.
Six, product processing meets standards
Edible mushroom products often cause excessive sulfur content and other phenomena that do not meet relevant standards due to improper processing procedures. Therefore, scientific and correct processing procedures and operating systems must be established, and advanced mechanical equipment with good precision must be used for processing. Mushroom packaging must comply with the national health standards, namely hygiene standards for dried edible fungi, hygiene standards for edible fungi, and food packaging hygiene standards.
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