This standard stipulates the cultivation conditions, seedling breeding, cultivation, management and harvesting processing techniques of Dendrobium candidum. It is suitable for the cultivation of Dendrobium candidum in the wild, the sapwood of the logs, and the wild-like cultivation of the rock.
2 cultivation conditions
2.1 Climate
The annual average temperature is 18-22 °C, the extreme maximum temperature is <30 °C, and the extreme minimum temperature is >2 °C. The frost-free period is 200-300d, the annual average rainfall is 1000-2000mm, the relative humidity of air is 80%-90%; the annual sunshine hours are >1600h, and the annual average wind speed is <1.5m/s.
2.2 Geographical environment
It is advisable to choose a sunny slope with a slope of 400 to 1700m, a slope of <45, a semi-sunny slope, a ventilated mountain, a hill, and a terrace.
2.3 Environmental quality
The air quality complies with the secondary standard of GB3095; the quality of irrigation water meets the requirements of GB5084; the environmental quality of soil (matrix) meets the secondary standard of GB15618.
2.4 with the owner
2.4.1 Trees
Should choose bark rough, tree age > 4a, crown translucency 25% ~ 35%, breast diameter > 6cm strong trees, such as longan, lychee, mango, medlar, grapefruit, rubber tree, southwest birch, lacquer wood, fir, octagonal and Litsea cubeba and so on.
2.4.2 Log sapwood
It is advisable to choose logs with a rough bark and not easy to fall off, a length of 2 to 4 m, a small head diameter of 10 to 20 cm, or a sapwood with a width of 10 to 20 cm and a thickness of 5 cm.
2.4.3 Rock mass
It is advisable to choose a slant angle to facilitate manual operation, a natural stone utilization rate of >1/3, and a shale and volcanic stone with a thickness of 3 to 5 cm.
3 seedling breeding
3.1 seed source
The seedlings have group culture seedlings, cutting seedlings and ramets, and the tissue culture seedlings need to be transplanted after being planted.
3.2 seedling standards
Choose strong growth, no pests and diseases, normal color, no mechanical damage, each plant has more than 3 green and white strong roots, each root is more than 3cm in length, seedling height is more than 5.0cm, and the middle diameter is more than 0.3cm.
4 cultivation
4.1 Forest cultivation
4.1.1 Woodland selection
It is advisable to choose the sarcophagus in the sunny slopes and semi-sunny slopes of plantations such as longan, lychee, mango, medlar, grapefruit, rubber, southwest birch, lacquer wood, Chinese fir, octagonal and locust. Plantations that are planted on a shady slope, in low-lying areas or around chemical plants cannot be tied.
4.1.2 Planning and layout
The plantation is fenced with barbed wire to ensure product safety and security. The park plans the main road, the main road and the branch road.
4.1.3 Garden facilities
Construct a water and fertilizer pond in a suitable section of the forest, and use a fixed or semi-fixed pipeline to arrange the sprinkler irrigation system along the main road, main road, branch road or forest row spacing. In the corresponding forest, the wire is pulled along the forest at a height of 2.5 m from the ground, and the sprinkler belt and the nozzle are evenly arranged thereon.
4.1.4 cultivation time
Spring February-April, autumn August-October. Suitable for spring planting.
4.1.5 Cultivation method
4.1.5.1 Matrix fixation
Use brown rope, hemp rope, non-woven fabric, etc. as a fixed object; choose moss, coconut shell, brown skin, etc. as a fixed substrate.
4.1.5.2 Disinfection
The owner was sterilized by spraying 0.1% potassium permanganate or 42% carbendazim 2000 times solution 3 days before transplanting. The fixed substrate was soaked with 42% carbendazim 2000 times solution and 0.5% compound fertilizer (N:P:K=15%:15%:15%) 1 day before transplanting. Seedlings were soaked for 2 to 3 minutes with 0.1% potassium permanganate or 42% carbendazim 1000 times solution.
4.1.5.3 seedling binding
The sterilized seedlings were planted in 3 plants/plexes at the sunny part of the trunk and branches of the ground 70-250 cm. When tying the seed, the root of the exposed surface of the seedling is closely attached to the trunk or branch of the owner, and the root of the other side is covered with a small amount of substrate, and the seedling is spirally bundled with the fixture from top to bottom. The plexus distance is 7 to 10 cm, and the line spacing is 12 to 20 cm. The base of the seedling stem should be exposed when fixed.
4.2 Open field cultivation
4.2.1 Open field selection
Choose to build a garden at an altitude of 400 to 1700m, a slope of <45, a hillside, a hillside, a terrace, and other places. It is not possible to build a garden on a shady slope, in a low-lying area or in a place with a chemical plant.
4.2.2 Planning and layout
Clean up the terraces and slopes and plan the plantations and living areas. The plantation plans the main road, the main road, the branch road and the drainage ditch, surrounded by a sunshade net to ensure sufficient shading and product security.
4.2.3 Garden facilities
4.2.3.1 shed
Use shade nets with a shade of 70% to 85%, bamboo, wood or steel pipes to build a shade shelter with a height of 3 to 3.5 m and a length and width depending on the terrain. The contiguous shading nets have a venting opening that is staggered up and down at intervals of 8 m.
4.2.3.2 bed frame
Use steel, bamboo, wood or hollow brick as the support, build a planting bed 60-80cm high, 100-120cm wide, 8-12cm deep, 40-60cm bed spacing, and long depending on the terrain. The planting bed is laid flat with logs and logs.
4.2.3.3 Sprinkler irrigation facilities
The water and fertilizer pools are constructed in suitable sections of the forest, and the sprinkler irrigation system is arranged along the main road, the main road and the branch roads with fixed or semi-fixed pipelines. In the corresponding planting bed frame, the wire is pulled along the planting belt at a height of 2 to 2.5 m from the ground, and the sprinkling belt and the nozzle are evenly arranged thereon.
4.2.4 Cultivation time
Spring February-April.
4.2.5 Cultivation methods
4.2.5.1 Cultivation substrate
Cress, mixed veneer, wood chips, coconut shell, mountain soil and charcoal are selected as the cultivation substrate.
4.2.5.2 Disinfection treatment
The owner was sterilized by spraying 0.1% potassium permanganate or 42% carbendazim 2000 times solution 3 days before transplanting. The fixed substrate was soaked with 42% carbendazim 2000 times solution and 0.5% compound fertilizer (N:P:K=15%:15%:15%) 1 day before transplanting. Seedlings were soaked for 2 to 3 minutes with 0.1% potassium permanganate or 42% carbendazim 1000 times solution.
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