Iron is one of the important trace elements in pigs and an important raw material for the synthesis of hemoglobin, myoglobin, and various oxidases. If pigs lack this raw material, iron deficiency anemia occurs in piglets.
Symptoms of iron deficiency anemia Iron deficiency anemia in piglets can occur throughout the year, but it occurs more often in winter and spring than in other seasons. Generally closed feeding, more than 1 month of age (especially within 2 weeks - 3 weeks) in the incidence of suckling pigs more common. Diseased pigs lack of energy, outliers, lying, loss of appetite, malnutrition, reversed coat, low body temperature, visible pale mucous membranes, grayish ear shells, almost no visible blood vessels, and very few acupuncture Bleeding, breathing, pulse increase, and breathing for a little while. Some piglets have a fat appearance and are almost normal in growth and development. They only fall suddenly when they are active. Acupuncture auricular vein bleeding, pale and thin blood, and difficult to solidify.
Preventive measures First of all, we must strengthen the feeding and management of sows, and make up supplements rich in protein, vitamins, and minerals. We must especially supply trace elements such as iron, copper, and zinc. Secondly, iron supplements are specially provided for piglets. In the pens, some red soil or dried deep soiled food plates can be placed to allow piglets to feed freely; iron preparations can also be injected. For example, dextran can be injected at 3 days for breeding piglets. Iron or iron-cobalt injection to prevent the occurrence of iron deficiency diseases.
Treatment of iron deficiency anemia in piglets, the following treatment methods can be used: Oral iron supplement treatment: The general iron preparation is ferrous sulfate, iron pyrophosphate, iron lactate, reduced iron and so on. In order to promote the absorption of iron, it is often taken together with copper sulfate. The method is: 2.5 grams of ferrous sulfate, 11 grams of copper sulfate, 1 kilogram of water, piglets per kilogram of body weight orally 0.25 ml, orally once a day for 2 weeks; also available ferrous sulfate 100 grams, copper sulfate 20 Grams, after fine grinding, mix 5 kg of fine sand or red clay and spread it into the sty for piglets to feed freely.
Injection of iron preparations: commonly used iron preparations include dextran iron, iron and cobalt injection, compound card iron injection and sorbitol injection. Under normal circumstances, deep intramuscular injection of 2 ml of iron dextran or iron cobalt injection is generally used. If necessary, one-week intramuscular injection can be performed 1 week later.
Precautions In order to obtain good results for iron supplementation, the following points must be noted: The amount of iron should be appropriate, and the amount of iron should not be sufficient to achieve the purpose of iron supplementation. The use of excessive amounts of iron can inhibit the absorption of other trace elements in the intestine. Excessive absorption of iron can be deposited in certain organs in the body, such as the heart, liver, pancreas, etc., which will cause hemoglobin precipitation.
During the period of iron supplementation, some feeds should be temporarily reduced or stopped. Such as shell powder, bone meal, calcium carbonate and other calcium feed, and feed containing citric acid. Stop feeds such as sorghum and wheat bran to avoid reducing iron supplementation.
Be careful not to use with certain drugs during iron supplementation. Such as containing aluminum, magnesium, calcium preparations, if encountered in the intestinal tract can form difficult to dissolve complexes or precipitates. Such as tetracyclines, in the case of iron can form a complex; chloramphenicol can make iron element depletion or failure; acid resin will affect the absorption of iron; potassium iodide, carbonate, tannic acid protein and other cases of iron precipitation can occur; Vitamin E can make iron fail. The above drugs should not be taken at the same time during pig iron supplementation.
Protection against piglet poisoning when using ferrous sulfate. When ferrous sulfate is used, it should be used immediately after opening, because it cannot be stored in the air for a long time to prevent it from being oxidized into poisonous high-priced iron. Piglets will poison after serving.
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