"Slimming" can also increase production?
Nowadays, agriculture is undergoing transformation. The very important action in the transformation is the reduction of fertilizer. I often say that no fertilizer is absolutely impossible. Never preach that it is necessary to eliminate fertilizer. If there is no fertilizer, half of us will be hungry. This is a problem that need not be discussed.
Why do fertilizers need to be reduced? We have done a survey in Jiangsu. 50% of the farmers use excessive nitrogen fertilizer, 33% of the farmers with reasonable nitrogen fertilizer, and 17% of the nitrogen fertilizer. Losing weight is a very macro concept. Not every land, every farmer, or every crop should lose weight, but the total amount should be reduced. It is necessary to determine how to reduce according to the specific conditions of crops and soil. At present, the input of nitrogen fertilizer in farmland is about twice as much as that of crops. The total amount is indeed super, but the difference between different regions is very large. It may be excessive in this place, but not in other areas. Excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer can cause crop lodging, increase of pests and diseases, and decline in the quality of agricultural products, so it is definitely not good to lose weight.
But how can we achieve weight loss without reducing production? This requires using nutrient resources from various sources, controlling the total amount, saving fertilizer; phased fertilization, and using limited fertilizers when crops are most needed. In the 1980s, 10 kilograms of nitrogen fertilizer was applied to an acre of land. At that time, there were 2 kilograms of nitrogen in the soil, and 1 kilogram of environmental nitrogen (atmosphere + water) was 13 kilograms. At present, 30 kilograms of nitrogen fertilizer per acre is applied, and 13 residues remain in the soil. In kilograms, there are 6 kilograms in the atmosphere and water body, which adds up to 49 kilograms. The crops need to be 20 kilograms to 30 kilograms at most, and 49 kilograms is not much more? So after deducting 19 kilograms of nutrients in the soil and the environment, fertilize A 20% reduction will have no effect. Because we have fertilized a lot in the past 20 years, there is a lot of residue in the soil, there are nutrients in the surface water, and there are nutrients in the rain above and below the sky. This is the main principle of our weight loss. We have done a lot of research, you reduce the fertilizer by 20%, not only does not reduce production, but will increase production by 7% to 8%.
“Slimming†can increase production, and it is a green mode of increasing production and increasing efficiency. The technical points are: to manage crops to increase production, and to manage nutrients to improve efficiency.
Second, several notes on managing nutrients:
1. Add organic fertilizer to improve soil buffer capacity;
2, rational fertilization, according to the demand for nutrients in the crop, reasonable fertilization, do not increase the amount of fertilization;
3. Full-layer fertilization. The same amount of chemical fertilizer, when applied locally, often causes the concentration of local soil solution to rise sharply, damage the roots of the crop, and change to full-layer fertilization, so that the fertilizer is evenly distributed throughout the plough layer, so that the crop can avoid damage;
4. Rational application of biological bacterial fertilizer, decomposition of soil organic matter, activation of loose soil, conducive to root growth and extension, promotion of root absorption of nutrients, thereby improving fertilizer utilization.
(Taiwan Longtai Xiao Yang from "China Fertilizer Network")
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