The Prevention and Control of Waxy Whitefly and Pesticides
Both the white moth wax moth and the heaped wax moth are Homoptera. The former is moth and wax moth, and the latter is whitefly, which mainly harms citrus, longan, litchi and mango. The past population of this pest is often naturally controlled by a large number of natural enemies, and it rarely reaches the level of economic loss. In recent years, due to the extensive management of some of the Longyan Parks in our district and the indiscriminate use of pesticides to kill natural enemies, coupled with changes in the climate and environmental systems, the occurrence of two kinds of pests has tended to become more serious, seriously affecting the quality of longan fruits and causing economic losses for farmers.
First, the hazard characteristics. The white moth, wax moth, and white wax moth have similar symptoms of damage to longan. Adults and nymphs suck and suck the longan leaves, young shoots, spikes, and fruit sap. Both adult and nymph parasites are wax powder. Since wax is not hydrophilic, it is difficult for pesticides to touch the body. Pests have strong drug resistance and drug resistance. When harming fruit stems and fruits, both insects stick wax powder to fruit stems or fruits, and it is difficult to remove them with rainwater. The body will excrete honeydew and induce soot disease. Not only does the damaged fruit become smaller, but also the appearance of the fruit is damaged. The flesh also has rancid odor and is unbearable for consumption; the damaged young leaves, spikes and shoots are withered or the shoots are distorted with new shoots, and the growth is hindered, which seriously affects the tree vigor.
Second, living habits. The white moth parasitoids occur in 2 generations in 1 year, the first generation nymphs are seen in 3-4 months, the second generation in 7-8 months, and the adults spend their winters in the dense foliage; the parasitoids are 1 year 5-6 generations, 1st The nymph dying period is seen in early April, second generation in mid-May, third generation in mid-July, fourth generation in early September, fifth generation in early October, sixth generation in mid-November, with adults, nymphs on the trunk , branches, cracks, leaf curls or ant nests overwintering. Both insect pests began to move when the weather became warmer in the March-March year of the following year, adults and nymphs were all clustered; the beetle wax moth was more severe in summer and autumn when high temperature and high humidity occurred, while the wax moths were 4-5. Months and October-November have the largest population density and most serious harm. The two kinds of pests have strong natural reproduction ability, especially the whitefly, and in the natural conditions, there are few males, and the basic part of the female parthenogenesis is reproduction. Each oocyst has 200-500 eggs, and the hatching rate is high. All of them are susceptible to disasters, and they can parasitize a variety of plants. It is therefore extremely difficult and extremely harmful to completely eradicate.
Third, prevention and control measures
1. Agricultural control: Strengthen the cultivation and management of orchards, combine the long-stemmed thinning and thinning of fruit in the spring and the pruning of fruit after harvesting the fruit to the spring shoots, cutting off the dense shoots and branches with insects, concentrative burning, making the canopy airy and transparent, and reducing the humidity. , reduce the source of insects and mitigate the hazards. At the same time, controlling the longan winter shoots can not only prevent the consumption of tree nutrients, affect the flowering results in the following year, but also interrupt the food source of pests, thus reducing the population of insects.
2, biological control: the use of orchard breeding pheasant, adult insects in the nymph stage, can eliminate artificial insects on the longan tree landing, so that the chicken eat; moth white wax moth nymph stage, scared often jump landing, become Good food for chickens can be captured by the net during the peak of adult emergence. At the same time, we must pay attention to the protection of predatory natural enemies and parasitic natural enemies, and rational use of pesticides without using pesticides that are harmful to natural enemies.
3, chemical control: According to the white moth paraffin wax mites and heaps of wax moths in the larvae at the stage of early nymph larvae, no wax powder and secretions before feeding, the characteristics of pesticides are more sensitive to grasp the emerging hatchery nymphs Spray the medicine at the right time. The prevention and control of the heap of wax whitefly is carried out during the spring shoot period. 80% dichlorvos 1000 times solution or 90% crystal dipterex 1000 times solution plus 0.2% detergent powder every 5-7 days, 2 times in total; also 48% Loessben EC 1000x , 18% insecticide double water agent 400-600 times liquid or 50% insecticide single wettable powder 600 times liquid prevention.
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