1. The selection of soybean varieties is unreasonable and does not adapt to local climatic and environmental conditions.
2. The sowing date of soybean is too early, and the vegetative growth period of the plant is too long, which causes the physiological age of soybean to be too old and difficult to pod.
Sowing summer soybean, the suitable sowing date of early maturing varieties is June 10-20, the latest can not exceed July 20, the mid-maturing variety is June 15-30, and the late sowing variety suitable sowing period is late June ~ 7 At the beginning of the month, at the latest, no more than July 25, the sowing date of the green peas can be delayed for a period of time.
According to the mouth, choose the right variety. If the planting is too early, if the early-maturing variety is planted before June 10, the late-maturing variety will only bloom and not pod after planting on June 20.
3. High temperature and drought cause soybeans to not be properly fertilized, and young pods cannot develop. If the soybean flowering and pod-forming period encounters a high temperature and dry weather, the soybean will not bloom or the amount of flowers will be small, or the flowers will be unreal.
The suitable temperature for soybean growth in seedlings is about 20 °C, the optimum temperature for flower bud differentiation is 20-25 °C, the optimum temperature for flowering is 25-28 °C, the temperature for pod formation is 20-22 °C, and the temperature is too high. Falling flowers are severe, while too low is delayed. Soy is also not resistant to high temperatures, temperatures above 33-35 ° C, will seriously affect the pod rate.
High temperature and drought caused soybeans to not be fertilized normally, and young pods could not develop. The suitable temperature for soybean flowering is 25-28 ° C, and the suitable relative humidity is 70% to 90%. When the temperature is maintained at 33 °C for a long time, the soybean pollen grains will dry up, resulting in poor pollination and fertilization. If the soybean flowering and pod-forming period encounters a high temperature and dry weather, the soybean will not bloom or the amount of flowers will be small, or the flowers will be unreal. The continuous high temperature weather from July to August this year will have a great impact on the flowering and pod formation of soybeans. The continuous high temperature weather may be the main reason for the large-area soybean flowering and non-poding phenomenon this year.
Precaution
One is to plant at the right time. Summer soybeans have high requirements for short-day sunshine, sowing too early will cause early flowering, and will also cause old seedlings and mad seedlings.
The second is a reasonable rotation. Soybean rhizobium rots and releases a large amount of organic acids. These organic acids inhibit the growth and development of soybean roots and shoots. Non-bean crops should be grown for 2 years after planting 1 year of soybeans.
The third is balanced fertilization. It is best to apply 50% of farmyard manure in soybean fields, and apply molybdenum fertilizer and boron fertilizer appropriately.
The fourth is the combination of dense planting. The fertile field is controlled at 10,000 per acre, and the medium fertility field is controlled at 1.3 to 15,000 per acre.
The fifth is to support the field ditch system, so that it can be able to fill the can. Soybean is a crop that requires more water. The flowering and pod-forming period is the critical period of water demand of soybean. At this time, soil drought has a great influence on the yield and quality of soybean. It does not rain for 1 week in summer and should be filled in time. The drought in the flowering stage has a great influence on the number of pods of soybeans. It must be watered in time. The rainy days should also pay attention to the drainage. At the same time, the protection measures should be determined according to the growth of the plants. If the growth is too long, it can be used for deep cultivating or spraying. If the plant is weak, it should be combined with cultivating and watering for fertilization. It is best to apply compound fertilizer, 5-10 kg per mu.
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