Identification of raw herbs
[Characteristic identification]: The fruit is obovate, oval or oblong, 1.4-3.5cm long and 0.8-1.8cm in diameter. The surface is red-brown or reddish-yellow, slightly shiny, with 6-8 wing-like longitudinal edges, 1 longitudinal vein between each two wing edges, a dark yellowish green residue at the apex, and 6-8 long lobes at the apex. The lobes are 1-2.5cm long, 2-3mm wide, and much more broken. The fruits have a stalk-like contraction at the base of the fruit and a rounded pedicel at the end. The skin is thin and brittle, with a bright yellow or reddish yellow inner surface. Shiny, 2-3 ridged pseudo-septa. The cross section is bright yellow, most of seeds, flat oval or flat oblong, gathered into a spherical mass, brown-red, fine and dense recessed surface; endosperm horny; embryo long, with heart-shaped cotyledons 2 . Gas micro, slightly bitter taste. Thin, full, red and yellow are preferred.
[microscopic identification]: cross-section of the middle of the fruit: round, prominent at the longitudinal edges. The exocarp is a column of oblong cells. The outer wall is thickened and stratum corneum. The outer mesocarp has 2-4 rows of thick horny cells. The inward is parenchyma cells with yellow pigment. A few of the tougher vascular bundles are sparsely distributed. The vascular bundles are surrounded by woody fiber bundles with stone cells interspersed; the endocarp is 2-3 columns of stone cells, nearly square, rectangular or polygonal, with thick walls, wells with clear channels, and some cells with visible calcium oxalate Fang Jing, occasionally inlaid with thin-walled cells containing clusters of crystals. Seed cross-section, flat round, slightly convex side, outer seed coat is a column of stone cells, nearly square, significantly thickening of the inner wall and side walls, cells containing brown-red or yellow pigment, endogenous epidermis for decadent parenchyma cells. The endosperm cells are polygonal, with two flattened cotyledons in the center and filled with aleurone grains.
Physical and chemical identification:
1. Take the product powder 2g, add water 5ml, set in a water bath and heat 3min, filtered. Take 5 drops of the filtrate, set the porcelain evaporating dish, after drying, add 1 drop of sulfuric acid, that is blue-green, quickly turned dark brown, followed by a purple-brown. (Check Crocin)
2. The product is 1% hot water leaching solution and filtered. Take the filtrate 10ml, placed in a simple amount of plug, add ether 5ml, shaking, the water layer is bright yellow, ether colorless. (Check Crocin)
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