Chinese cabbage downy mildew disease symptoms
Hazardous symptoms: All reproductive periods can be harmed, mainly damage the leaves.
The incidence of seedling stage: white mold layer on the back of the cotyledons, severe seedlings dead.
In the adult stage, the leaves appear gray and white, and the spots with light yellow edges are not obvious. After that, the lesions are expanded to yellow-brown lesions. The veins are limited to a polygonal or irregular shape, and the white mold layer is densely covered on the leaves. The lesions are connected to each other for a long time, so that the diseased leaves will die either locally or entirely.
Control methods:
1 appropriate sowing, appropriate thinning; early seedlings, Ding Dingmiao, moderate seedlings; small water ground irrigation, timely drainage after the rain; full base fertilizer, application of phosphorus, potash fertilizer, enhance seedlings; remove the sick and bring out the concentration Buried or burned.
2 Seed treatment: 3.5% available? Fine Aloes Suspending Seed Coating Agent, 25% Metalaxyl Wettable Powder is seeded at a seed weight of 0.3%.
3 In the early stages of disease, the following agents can be used for prevention and treatment: Prosin Zinc; Desenonium, or Fluorobacter? Promazine
Cabbage Soft Rot Diseases Symptoms
Hazardous symptoms: all growth periods can be harmed, mainly from the rosette period to the heart-charging period, the disease department soft rot, hydrogen sulfide odor.
At the beginning of the disease, the outer leaves are wilting, the petiole is rotted at the base, and the diseased leaves are stumbled to expose the leaf ball; sometimes the stem base rots and extends to the heart and is full of yellow sticky material.
The outer leaves of a few vegetable strains were rotted and rotted, and dried and rotten. The dried leaves were thin paper-like and closely wrapped around the leaves, or the inner and outer leaves of the leaves were good, except that the middle leaves rotted inward from the edges. When the damage is severe, the whole field rots.
Control methods:
1 selection of disease-resistant varieties; avoid continuous cropping; appropriate sowing, appropriate thinning; early seedlings, late Dingmiao, moderate seedlings; small water ground irrigation, timely drainage after the rain; Shizu base fertilizer, increase phosphorus, potash fertilizer, enhance seedlings; After the diseased plant was found, it was promptly removed. The diseased point was limed and disinfected, and the field sickness was brought out to be buried or burned.
2 Prevention: Seed treatment, 3% methobiotin wettable powder can be used before sowing, 1% seed weight dressing. Before the onset of disease, the following agents may be used for prevention: 20% quinoxydil water 800 to 1000 times, or 20% chlorhexone suspension 600 to 800 times, or 47% copper oxychloride wettable powder 600 to 800 times Evenly spray water.
3 In the early stage of disease, the following fungicides were used to control: Streptomycin Sulfate, Chlorobromoisocyanurate, or Thiobacillus copper.
Cabbage Black Spot Disease Symptoms
Hazardous symptoms: the main damage to the leaves, the early leaves of the lower part of the onset of early and heavy, the incidence of more serious outer leaves, followed by the ball leaves, the heart of the lightest.
Leaf disease: round, brown or dark brown lesions, with obvious concentric ring pattern, yellow halo; perforation of the diseased part at high temperature and high humidity; severe, half leaf or whole leaf withered. Petiole onset: dark brown, longitudinal strips, slightly sunken lesions; black moldy lesions on wet spots.
Control methods:
1 Selection of disease-resistant varieties; 2 to 3 years of non-cruciferous rotation; appropriate sowing, appropriate sparse planting; small water ground irrigation, timely drainage after rain; full base fertilizer, application of phosphorus, potash fertilizer, enhance seedling potential; After the diseased plants are cleared, the field sicknesses are brought out to be buried or burned.
2 Seed treatment: 50% iprodione WP or 50% procymidone wettable powder can be used, and 0.2 to 0.3% seed weight can be used as seed dressing.
3 At the beginning of the disease, the following agents can be used for prevention and treatment: Difenoconazole; oxanone? Manganese Zinc; Tebuconazole, or pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics
Chinese cabbage white spot disease damage symptoms
Harmful symptoms: mainly damage the leaves.
The incidence of leaves: the initial generation of small gray-brown spots, then expanded into a round or nearly circular, central gray, translucent lesions, stained green halo, easy to break the perforation.
When wet, lesions are sparsely light gray moldy on the back; when severe, the lesions form a patch, showing irregularly shaped large spots, and finally the leaves are dry.
Control methods:
1 and non-cruciferous rotation for 2 to 3 years; appropriate late sowing, appropriate sparse planting; small water ground irrigation, timely drainage after the rain; apply enough base fertilizer, increase phosphorus, potash fertilizer, enhance seedlings; timely removal of the field of broken leaves .
2 Seed treatment, use 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times liquid soaking for 1 hour, remove, wash with water and sow.
3 At the beginning of the disease, the following agents can be used for prevention and treatment: Manganese zinc; propiconazole, or iprodione + chlorothalonil.
Chinese cabbage root disease disease symptoms
Hazardous symptoms: It is widely distributed in various provinces in China, and the occurrence of severe disease in southern cabbage production areas.
Victimization at seedling stage: seedlings die when severe.
In the adult phase, the base leaves gradually become yellow and wilting and water loss; the main, lateral roots and fibrous roots form tumors of various sizes, the surface of the tumor begins to become smooth, and then becomes coarse and cracking; the plants are short, grow slowly, and die when they die. .
Control methods:
1 Severe disease field and non-cruciferous rotation for 6 years; high ridge cultivation, drainage in time after rain; lime soil as much as possible to adjust the acidic soil; full base fertilizer, increase phosphorus, potassium fertilizer, enhance seedlings; timely field disease and debris Out of concentration or burned out.
2 When sowing, the soil in the planting hole can be treated with 2% pentachloronitrobenzene powder 1~2kg/mu.
3 In the early stage of disease, the following agents can be used for prevention and treatment: 40% fluazinamine 140-160 times liquid burrowing.
Chinese cabbage black rot disease symptoms
Hazardous symptoms: The disease will develop during each growth period.
The incidence of seedlings: the edge of the cotyledon was immersed in water, and the root pith became black and quickly died.
In the adult stage, onset occurs from the edge of the leaf and gradually expands inwards, forming a "V"-shaped dark brown lesion. The surrounding area turns yellow and the diseased and healthy junction is not obvious. The reticular veins in the lesion become brown or black.
Petiole development: along the vascular bundles to develop upwards, the formation of dry brown rot, leaves swaying to one side, half of the leaves yellow; serious, dead or folded leaves.
Control methods:
1 Practice non-cruciferous crop rotation for more than 2 years; appropriate sowing, proper close planting; reasonable irrigation, timely drainage after rain; apply adequate base fertilizer, increase phosphorus, potash fertilizer, enhance seedlings; timely remove field residues, reduce Pathogens.
2 Seed treatment: Available 30% ceric chloride copper wettable powder 600 to 800 times liquid, or 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate soluble powder 2000 to 4000 times liquid, or 14% network ammonia copper water agent 300 times liquid soaking 15 ~20 minutes, remove and wash with water, dry and sow.
In the early stage of disease, the following agents can be used to control: Streptomycin Sulfate, Thielaphenone, or Chlorobromoisocyanurate.
Chinese cabbage anthrax damage symptoms
Hazardous Symptoms: Chinese cabbage anthracnose occurs in varying degrees, with the Yangtze River basin suffering the most.
Leaf disease: early round, water-stained, central white, brownish-brown, slightly sunken lesions, later turned to white to gray, translucent papery lesions, easy to break perforation.
Petiole or leaf vein infections: oval or spindle-shaped, brown to gray-brown, dark edges, significant pitting lesions, sometimes to both ends of the crack. In severe cases, the entire leaf and the entire petiole are spotted, forming irregular large spots with each other, and the leaves are dying in the short term.
Control methods:
1 Practice non-cruciferous crop rotation for more than 2 years; appropriate sowing, proper close planting; reasonable irrigation, timely drainage after rain; apply adequate base fertilizer, increase phosphorus, potash fertilizer, enhance seedlings; timely remove field residues, reduce Pathogens.
2 Seed treatment: Treat with warm soup method or use 50% carbendazim wettable powder according to 0.3～0.4% seed weight.
In the early stage of disease, the following agents can be used to control: difenoconazole, pyraclostrobin, or azole ether? Daisen United.
Cabbage damping-off disease symptoms
Hazardous symptoms: The disease mainly occurs in seedlings growing from 1 to 2 true leaves, and after 3 true leaves, the incidence is less.
Seedling victimization: The base of the stem or middle part of the surface of the stem exposed is immersed in a water-like condition, followed by yellow-brown dryness. The cotyledon is often not withered, ie, it suddenly falls down, causing the seedling to fall down.
Control methods:
1 Select high-lying, well-drained plots as seedbeds, fill the bottom water once before sowing, and try not to water after emergence. Watering should be selected when the water is poured on sunny days, and flood irrigation should not be used.
2 Seed treatment: Use seeds with a weight of 0.3 to 0.4% of 50% thiram WP or 40% of seed dressing WP, plus a seed weight of 0.3 to 0.4% of 50% metalaxyl wettable powder.
3 Seedlings found in the seedbed should be removed in a timely manner. The following agents can be used for prevention and treatment: Chlorothalonil; Promemid hydrochloride, or badew? A cream.
Cabbage Powdery Mildew Symptoms
Hazardous symptoms: mainly damage the leaves, stems, flower organs and seed pods, resulting in a layer of mildew mold.
In the early stage, near-circular radial patches were produced. After all parts were covered, the disease was light and the lesions were not obvious. Only the capsules were slightly deformed; the severely diseased leaves tended to chlorosis and yellowing, and the seedlings withered and the seeds leaned.
Control methods:
1 Select resistant varieties; apply enough base fertilizer, increase phosphorus and potash fertilizers, and increase seedlings; timely remove field diseases and reduce pathogens.
2 In the early stage of disease, the following agents can be used to control: chlorothalonil; hexaconazole, or pyraclostrobin.
Chinese cabbage white rust disease symptoms
Hazardous symptoms: The main damage leaves, seed strains can harm the pedicel and flower.
Victimization of leaves: In the early stages, light green edges of the leaves were not obvious. After the leaves became yellow, the back of the leaves grew slightly bulging, and the appearance of shiny white spots with abscesses, sometimes multiple spots healed into pieces, and the epidermis ruptured after maturity. White powder was scattered; when it was severe, the diseased leaves were dry. Stems and pedicels victimized: fat swollen and bent, with a “head†shape, lighter in color, similar to the symptoms of downy mildew, but the disease minister had white pustular spots.
Flowering victim: Hypertrophy, petal green, long-lasting. Fruit damage: small curved, not strong or small seeds dry.
Control methods:
1 Practice non-cruciferous crop rotation for more than 2 years; appropriate sowing, proper close planting; reasonable irrigation, timely drainage after rain; apply adequate base fertilizer, increase phosphorus, potash fertilizer, enhance seedlings; timely remove field residues, reduce Pathogens.
2 In the early stage of disease, the following agents may be used for prevention and treatment: Promecarb; Metalaxyl, or chlorothalonil.
Chinese cabbage sclerotinia disease damage symptoms
Hazardous symptoms: The storage vegetables and field plants can be damaged during storage. At the seedling stage, mild diseased plants had no obvious symptoms, and the roots of critically ill plants were rotten and had mildew. After transplanting the fields, the disease condition continued to expand, reaching the peak after convulsions.
Stem disease: light brown pitting lesions, and then turned into white, and finally decayed cortex, fiber disintegrated into a mess-like, hollow stem, endogenous black rat fecal nucleus; wet, diseased surface grows white Cotton-like mycelium and black sclerotia; when the victim is light, it is stunted or rotted, rotten and stem, the plant is short and the yield is reduced; when the victim is severe, the stem is broken and the plant is dead.
Control methods:
1 rotation, deep plowing; reasonable close planting, adequate base fertilizer, increased phosphorus, potassium fertilizer, enhance seedlings; timely removal of field diseases and reduce pathogens.
In the early stage of disease, the following agents can be used to control: Procymidone; Sclerotinia, or iprodione.
Cabbage Brown Spot Disease Symptoms
Hazardous symptoms: Cabbage brown spot mainly damages the leaves. Leaf disease: early round or near-circular water-soaked small spots, gradually expanded into a polygonal or irregular light yellow-white spot, some limited by the veins, the edge of the process was brown band.
Control methods:
1 Practice non-cruciferous crop rotation for more than 2 years; appropriate sowing, proper close planting; reasonable irrigation, timely drainage after rain; apply adequate base fertilizer, increase phosphorus, potash fertilizer, enhance seedlings; timely remove field residues, reduce Pathogens.
2 Seed treatment: Treat with warm soup method or use 50% carbendazim wettable powder according to 0.3～0.4% seed weight.
In the early stage of disease, the following agents can be used to control: difenoconazole, pyraclostrobin, or azole ether? Daisen United.
Chinese cabbage gray mold disease symptoms
Hazardous characteristics: Cabbage gray mold is an important disease in Chinese cabbage and storage period, widely distributed, seriously affecting the yield and food value.
During the growing season, the damage is mainly caused by damage to leaves and inflorescences. The diseased part is slightly softer and light brown, and then gradually rots. When the disease is wet, the disease minister produces gray moldy material and it is not edible.
During the storage period, the damage was mainly caused by the infestation of the vegetable gangs. The disease department expanded from the outside to the inside. The initial appearance of oval water immersed slightly softened spots, followed by the formation of large irregular spots, when the disease was wet, the disease minister was gray mold, and the latter disease gradually corrupted. Affected neighbors; dry, not long gray mold, easy to be confused with soft rot disease, but the disease is not stinky, different from soft rot.
Control methods:
1 Implement crop rotation; reasonably dense planting, reasonable irrigation, timely drainage after rain, increase field permeability; apply enough base fertilizer, increase phosphorus and potash fertilizers, enhance seedlings; timely remove field diseases and reduce pathogens; store in the vegetable shed The temperature is controlled at about 0°C to prevent the humidity from being too high or the high humidity duration is too long to reduce the onset of storage.
2 In the early stage of disease, the following agents may be used to control: pyrimethanil, iprodione, or procymidone.
Chinese cabbage brown rot disease symptoms
Hazardous symptoms: mainly damage the leaves. The outer wall of the petiole of Chinese cabbage has a brown to dark brown depression on the outer surface of the vegetables. The edges are not obvious. When the humidity is high, brownish to yellow-brown spider mycelium and sclerotia are often produced; when the stem is severe, the base of the petiole rots. Or yellow off.
Control methods:
1 Implement crop rotation; reasonably dense planting, reasonable irrigation, timely drainage after rain, increase field permeability; apply sufficient base fertilizer, increase phosphorus and potash fertilizers, and strengthen seedlings; remove diseased leaves near the ground in time to bring out deep burial or destruction in fields Reduce pathogens.
2 At the beginning of the disease, the following agents may be used to control: hymexazol; chlorothalonil, or thiophanate-methyl.
Cabbage Ring Spot Disease Symptoms
Hazardous characteristics: mainly damage the leaves. Leaf disease: early round or near-circular, gray or light brown lesions, often yellow-green halo, scattered spots on the surface of the late or a lot of round black spots; severe, often conjunctival lesions conjoined.
Control methods:
1 Implement crop rotation; remove sick bodies in time, plough the land; drain water in time to maintain permeability and reduce the humidity in the field.
2 At the beginning of the disease, the following agents may be used to control: chlorothalonil, propofol, or methotrexate? Manganese zinc.
Chinese cabbage bacterial leaf spot disease damage symptoms
Hazardous symptoms: It mainly occurs at the seedling stage to the early stage of the heart. At the beginning of the disease, water-stained depression spots appeared on the back of the leaves, and later became membrane-shaped irregular spots that were of different sizes and were confined by veins.
Foliar lesions were rust-colored or gray-brown greasy; when the humidity was high, backside lesions overflowed with milky white bacteria; when dry, the diseased part cracked or perforated.
Control methods:
1Put the crop rotation; sowing the planting time, planting the plant in reasonable density; reasonably watering the plant and draining it in time after rain; applying enough base fertilizer, increasing the application of phosphorus and potash fertilizers, and strengthening the seedlings; timely clearing the field sickness and reducing pathogens.
2 In the early stage of disease, the following agents can be used to control: Streptomycin Sulfate, Thielaphenone, or Chlorobromoisocyanurate.
Chinese cabbage bacterial leaf spot disease symptoms
Hazardous symptoms: mostly in the seedling stage, mainly damage the leaves. In the early stage of disease, water spots on the back of the leaves appear as small spots, yellow-brown round or amorphous necrotic spots appear on the posterior leaves, and the edges are deeper and stained like oil and can be combined into large patches.
When dry, the lesions are brittle and easy to crack; when the humidity is high, the hands feel stickiness; when the lesions are thick, the leaves are dry. Often mixed with bacterial keratoses.
Control methods:
1Put the crop rotation; sowing the planting time, planting the plant in reasonable density; reasonably watering the plant and draining it in time after rain; applying enough base fertilizer, increasing the application of phosphorus and potash fertilizers, and strengthening the seedlings; timely clearing the field sickness and reducing pathogens.
2 In the early stage of disease, the following agents can be used to control: Streptomycin Sulfate, Thielaphenone, or Chlorobromoisocyanurate.
Chinese cabbage bacterial black spot disease symptoms
Hazardous characteristics: mainly damage the leaves, and sometimes also harm stems and seed pods.
Leaf disease: early stages of dark green water immersed in small spots gradually become light black to dark brown, can develop along the veins, the center of the late lesions are darker in color and shiny, multiple lesions are connected into irregular large spots In severe cases, the veins turn brown, and the leaves are distorted and turned yellow.
Stem and pod disease: often produces dark brown irregular streaks.
Control methods:
1Appropriate dense planting, reasonable irrigation, timely drainage after rain, maintaining field permeability; applying adequate base fertilizer, increasing phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and strengthening seedlings; timely clearing field diseases and reducing pathogens.
2 Seeds can be treated with the following agents: copper citrate ferric acid or agricultural streptomycin sulfate or mesitectin.
In the early stage of disease, the following agents can be used to control: Streptomycin Sulfate, Thielaphenone, or Chlorobromoisocyanurate.
Chinese cabbage virus disease symptoms
Hazardous Symptoms: Cabbage virus disease generally occurs in various vegetable production areas in China. The damage is severe and the onset is severe in summer and autumn.
Infected at the seedling stage: the heart leaves show bright veins or veined veins, and then turns into dense green and light mottled or mosaic leaves, the leaves are not flat, the heart is distorted, and the growth is slow. Adult stage disease: early susceptible leaves shriveled, uneven, hard and brittle, brown spots on the dorsal veins are slightly concave and necrotic spots or stripes, and the plants are obviously dwarfed and malformed; One side is shrunken or slightly crumpled and leaves are still able to wrap the heart, and there are gray-brown dots on the inner leaf.
Infected with strains: slow twitching, short pod or peduncle distortion, short plantlets, new veins or mosaic leaves, brown necrotic spots in old leaves, malformed buds, no scarring or small pods, insufficient grain, germination The rate is low, and the diseased plant roots are underdeveloped, which seriously affects the growth and development.
Control methods:
1 Select resistant varieties; timely early sowing; silver-gray film or plastic reflective film at the seedling stage to avoid embarrassment; strengthen cultivation and management, enhance plant growth.
In the early stage of disease, the following agents can be used for prevention and control: Mushroom proteoglycans; Moroxydine hydrochloride? Zinc, or Ningnanmycin.
Chinese cabbage dry heart disease damage symptoms
Hazardous symptoms: Chinese cabbage dry heart disease is a physiological disease that often occurs during the storage period of Chinese cabbage. It often causes cabbage ball rot.
Incidence of the initial ball: Translucent water stains on the edges of tender leaves, white strips with wilting after dehydration.
Incidence after ballooning: The plant appearance is normal. After peeling off the leaf ball, the inner edge of the leaf margin becomes yellow and dry. The mesophyll shows dry paper, banded lesions or irregular lesions, sometimes the lesion expands, and the leaf tissue shows water stains. The veins are yellowish-brown in color, and the juice at the disease is sticky and odorless. The junction between diseased and healthy parts is relatively clear, sometimes dry rot or wet rot.
The onset of storage: It is easy to induce bacterial infection, and the heart becomes rotten afterwards.
Control methods:
Fully fermented organic fertilizers are applied in batches to top-dressing; sorghum is planted in small batches and water is poured; cultivators are cultivated in time after irrigation to prevent soil compaction and saline-alkali rise; avoid sloping with effluent and salt water; find dry heart immediately watering, and Spray 0.7% calcium oxide, 0.7% manganese sulfate solution.
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