Corn ear management technology

Maize is divided into three stages: seedling stage, panicle stage and anthesis stage. Spike stage refers to the growth stage from jointing to tasselling. The ear stage is the period of vegetative and reproductive growth of maize plants. The spike period is the key period for the fastest maturation in corn, the largest amount of growth, and the largest amount of fertilizer and water needed. The N, P, and K needs account for 65%, 55%, and 85% of the total growth period, and the water demand accounts for about 30%. about.

The central task of field management at this stage is to promote strong stalks, spikes, and spikes. This ensures that the vegetative growth of the plant is robust, but also that the ear develops well, and that individual development is robust, and the population grows moderately and neatly. Most of the maize in our province entered the growth phase of the panicle stage in mid-July. In order to resist the disaster harvest, we proposed the following field management points during the ear period. The first is timely fertilizer. The spike period is the maximum efficiency period for corn to be fertilizer. Therefore, all the plots that are used for top dressing or insufficient base fertilizer should be topped with corn ear fertilizer in time. Especially under the current conditions of returning straw to the field, the top dressing is as early as possible, and the corn can be topdressed after jointing. The amount of topdressing fertilizer is determined by the amount of nitrogen applied to the target yield, generally about 20 kg of topdressing urea is applied, and the artificial strip or mechanical strip is applied. Apply it to the soil and meet the water supply in time after fertilization to facilitate the development of the fertilizer effect.

The second is timely irrigation and drainage. Ears should be filled with water twice. The first time before and after the big bell mouth, it is the right period for chasing the panicle fertilizer. It should be combined with top-dressing irrigation to facilitate the development of the fertilizer effect, promote the growth of aerial roots and enhance the photosynthetic efficiency. The second time before and after tasselling, the amount of irrigation water was increased. Before and after tasselling, our province has already developed plum blossoms, and it is prone to high-temperature drought and drought. It is prone to drought in the neck and prone to pollen abortion due to high temperature and drought. Therefore, if drought occurs before and after taunting, it must be promptly irrigated. Although there are more water requirements during the flowering stage, soil moisture may affect the growth of the roots of the corn and reduce the yield. Therefore, it should be drained in time to keep the soil moisture at 70%-80% of the maximum water capacity in the field.

The third is integrated pest management. The earliest pests are corn borers. The second generation of corn borer in our province began to be in danger in the middle and late July. At this time, it was the big bell-mouth period of most summer corn. The earliest stage of corn glutinous rice is plucked from the leaves of the heart (trumpet) and sucked from the tassels to the silking stage. After the corn begins to solidify, the stalks, cobs, and spikes are drilled. Therefore, the best time to control corn borer is the big bell-mouth period, and it will be very difficult to control it after tasselling. Corn borer control method is in the heart of the big bell mouth, the use of agents such as phoxim and other granules or Bt emulsion 100 ~ 150 ml sand and 5 kg in the heart of the prevention and control. Coke or Sprite plastic bottle caps drill 5 to 6 holes (in order to be able to leak out the drug particles is appropriate), after filling the bottle in the bottle after the particle drug; tightly turn the plastic bottle and point it at the corn horn Mouth, gently shake off the medicine by hand. Where conditions permit, high-pressure mercury lamps can also be used to trap adult worms, or Trichogramma bees can be released in the field for prevention and control. Kangkuang or tebufenozide can also be used to control corn borer. The main diseases in summer maize ear stage are brown spot and stalk rot. The brown spot can be controlled by spraying 20% ​​triadimefon with potassium dihydrogen phosphate and other foliar sprays when the corn leaves are 6-8 leaves. Note that spraying the top cover and leaves are evenly sprayed; stalk rot can be used in the early stage of disease. Streptomycin 4000-5000 times or 77% can kill wettable powder 600 times spray.

The fourth is remediation after lodging. The lodging before and after jointing usually does not require manual lifting. Loosening of corn before jointing is mostly caused by excessive rainfall and soaking in rain. Due to the strong recovery ability at this time, it is sufficient to exclude the accumulation of water in the field. Loosening after jointing, the plants can also naturally restore erection, without affecting normal pollination in the future, allowing them to recover on their own. The male plants lodging before and after pollination are tall, and the plants are stacked one on top of the other after being pollinated. Natural recovery is difficult. This will not only affect photosynthesis, but also affect normal growth and development, as well as silking and pollination, and require manual lifting. Get up early, slow and light, and fix it with soil. After the lodging occurs, it should be raided within 1-2 days. Some roots have been damaged when the corn is lodging, and it is necessary to prevent root damage again when straightening. It is best to operate together. One of them grabs the upper part of the corn plant and gently pulls it up, and the other cultivates the earth in the root. Once the plant is bent upwards, it cannot grow. And timely fertilizer so that the rapid recovery of corn growth, acres of topdressing urea 5 to 10 kg.

Fifth, other field management. Due to sowing, pest damage, and other reasons, after the jointing of corn, some small and weak strains were produced in the field. They usually do not produce headings or have very small crests. They both consume water and fertilizer and affect the growth of healthy plants. Therefore, small and weak plants should be removed early to ensure the uniformity of the population. Due to the early prevention and control of weeds, the plots of lush growth of weeds in the field must be combined with top-dressing and timely cultivating and weeding. Paraquat can also be used to put on a protective cover to control directional spray between rows. Run, leak, so as not to affect the corn.

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