Science and Technology Daily, Beijing, April 16 (Reporter Zhang Mengran) According to a study published on the 16th of the open access journal "Genomic Medicine", American scientists reported a new method to establish a mouse model of cancer - using "genetic magic scissors" The CRISPR/Cas9 system is known to rapidly knock cancer-related genes into the DNA of mice. This method is unprecedentedly efficient and meets the need to quickly and accurately build animal models.
Wang Wen, a research author and author of the Institute of RNA Therapy at the University of Massachusetts Medical School, said: "The existing methods for knocking in oncogenes to build cancer models are either inefficient or difficult to control the number of knock-ins and knock-in copies. CRISPR/Cas9 makes it possible to insert large fragments of DNA into the target locus and can be applied to human cells and mice in the laboratory. We have developed a new system, CRISPR-SONIC, which can be used in a mouse model of liver cancer. Flexible gene knock-in and high accuracy."
The CRISPR/Cas9 system consists of a guide RNA and Cas9 enzyme. To insert the oncogene into the genome of a live mouse, the team used a CRISPR/Cas9 with 2 guide RNAs for a three-step operation. First, one of the guide RNAs and the Cas9 enzyme cleave the target DNA position; in the second step, another guide RNA and Cas9 will cleave a DNA loop (ie, the plasmid donor); the third step will have been cut. A linear plasmid loop is inserted into the target position.
The method was successfully tested in laboratory cells and was also tested in mice. The team observed that after using CRISPR-SONIC, about 10% of the liver cells in the sample successfully carried green fluorescent protein (GFP). This is a huge improvement over the knock-in efficiency of about 0.5% of the previous methods.
The technology can also be used to create bioluminescent cancer models that allow researchers to monitor cancer cell growth and cancer development in real time.
Editor-in-chief
The power of CRISPR is unknown in the scientific community. It was also known to the general public after the incident of genetically editing babies that caused an uproar last year. This simple, inexpensive but high-energy biotechnology has not yet fully realized its potential. This time it helped build an animal model of cancer and took an important step in that direction. The creation of many other disease models will also be inspired. Such applications may be the means by which CRISPR is currently the most direct benefit to humanity.
Source: Technology Daily
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