The traditional cultivation method of pumpkin is open field cultivation, climbing and growing, planting in March, planting in April, harvesting from July to September, in order to improve economic efficiency, pumpkin can also be produced in anti-season. The traditional cultivation method of pumpkin is open field cultivation, climbing and growing, planting in March, planting in April, harvesting from July to September, in order to improve economic efficiency, pumpkin can also be produced in anti-season.
First, early pumpkin cultivation
1, variety selection. It is advisable to use a series of bells, green skins, bells, sweet chestnuts, etc.
2. Sowing at the right time. Facilities such as greenhouses and sheds are planted in mid-February to sow seedlings, and open field cultivation in early March. Put the seeds into warm water at 55 °C, stir while scalding, and soak for 4-6 hours when the water temperature drops to 30 °C. After immersing the mucus on the seed coat, wrap it in a damp cloth and put it into 25-35 °C. Under the germination, after 36-48 hours, the bud length of 0.5 cm can be sown.
Prepare the seedbed before sowing, pour the water, make a small square of 7-10 cm square, and then place the seed flat in the square, the cover soil is 1-2 cm thick. After sowing, keep the temperature at 25-30 °C. When about 20% of the buds start to top the soil, spread 0.6 cm of fine tidal soil. After emergence, the wind will cool down, 20-25 °C during the day and 10 °C at night.
3. Soil preparation and fertilization. 3000 mu of fermented organic fertilizer per acre, 30 kg of compound fertilizer, deep ploughing, and evenly mixed loam. The width of the wide trench is 1.3-1.4 meters, the width of the trench is 0.35 meters, and the depth of the open cultivation trench is 0.3 meters. The face is turtle-shaped.
4. Timely planting. In mid-March, the selected seedlings were planted in a large shed, or arched in a small shed, covered with film for 15-20 days. Open field cultivation was planted in early April. One row is planted, and each seedling is planted on the edge of the ridge farther from the middle of the two rafts. It is suitable for planting, which is convenient for scaffolding. The depth of planting seedlings is about 3 cm from the ground. The plant spacing is 60 cm × 70 cm, and 600-800 plants per acre are planted.
5. Field management. After sitting on the melon and harvesting the tender melon, the manure water of the decomposed man and animal should be applied once every 10 days, or the compound fertilizer should be applied 1-2 times, and 15-20 kg per acre should be applied. In order to increase the fruit setting rate, the flowering zucchini male flower and the newly opened pumpkin female flower artificial pollination may be collected, or the female flower may be sprayed with 40 mg/kg of anti-falling insect on the morning of the pumpkin female flower just opened. In the greenhouse cultivation should remove the side vines in time, only 1-2 strong side vines are kept above the first melon, and the vines are started to be trussed, and each raft is set up with a height of more than 1 meter. Found that powdery mildew, can be sprayed with sulfur suspension 500 times solution or 50% methyl thiophanate WP 800 times solution at the beginning of the disease.
Second, autumn pumpkin cultivation
1, the old plant turned autumn. Summer-sowed pumpkins, picking up all the old tender melons in mid-August, cutting off the old leaves and some side branches, applying 25-30 kg of compound fertilizer per acre, plowing 15-20 cm deep in the row, turning the fertilizer into the soil. At the same time, it hurts some of its old roots and stimulates new roots. Then fill the water, often keep the soil moist, and can add a lot of melons before and after the first ten days of October.
2, the autumn broadcast pumpkin. Choose heat-resistant and disease-resistant Jin Li, Yi Pin, Yellow Wolf Pumpkin and other varieties. After the germination and germination in early July and early August, it is best to use seedlings for nutrition, shading nets, and seedlings for more than 20 days. Small chestnuts such as Jinli are 1.2 meters apart, and large and medium-sized pumpkins such as yellow wolf pumpkin are 1.5-2 meters, and the plant spacing is 0.6-0.7 meters. Apply 30-40 kg of compound fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer. The grass cover is moisturized and moisturized. It is covered with a sunshade net before the first ten days of September, and it is sprayed with 1-2 times of 50 mg/kg naphthyl acetate antiviral disease.
After vines, put a fence, single vine pruning, remove all side branches, timely watering and drought resistance, topdressing 1-2 times after fruit setting, apply 15-20 kg of compound fertilizer per acre, watering should be carried out early and late, using furrow irrigation Run horse water, less irrigation, while maintaining artificial pollination, use 2,4-D silk flower to increase the fruit setting rate.
Autumn sowing pumpkin, easy to breed aphids and infectious virus disease, spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate once every 7 days, use 10% imidacloprid wettable powder plus 20% virus A wettable powder to control pests and diseases. In the middle and late September, you can start collecting tender melons. In October, you can collect old melons and collect them until the first ten days of November. The old melons usually harden before the frost, and white powder occurs. When the fruit handle turns yellow and hard, it is harvested. Leave a vine, Lili storage. The output per acre is 1500-2000 kg, which can be stored on New Year's Day and listed on the Spring Festival.
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