Most of the vegetable crops are hi-calcium. In recent years, many farmers also have such understanding, and they will also pay attention to calcium supplements during planting. However, due to the soil conditions, the characteristics of calcium, and the application methods are not scientific, so that the effect is not ideal.
Soil texture
The soil with light texture has poor organic matter and leaching loss. The available calcium is often in short supply. Acidic soil leaching is strong, and calcium is easily lost. As a result, the nutrient content of ammonium, potassium, magnesium, aluminum, etc. in the soil is too high. Antagonism occurs, inhibiting the absorption of calcium by roots; Excessive soil nitrogen can easily lead to prolonged crops, decreased root/shoot ratio, and affect the ability of roots to absorb calcium; the content of phosphorus in soil is too high, and it is easy to form insoluble compounds with calcium. Affects the effectiveness of calcium.
Calcium transportation
The long-distance transport of calcium in plants occurs mainly in the xylem, and its transport power is transpiration, that is, calcium moves through the transpiration stream. Therefore, all factors that affect crop transpiration will affect the absorption and transport of calcium.
High temperature caused water loss in roots and wilting plants, which made it more difficult for the roots to absorb calcium. Rainy or excessive rainfall, soil water, plants easily rooting, affecting root absorption. The weaker the light, the smaller the transpiration of the plant, the lower the calcium transport capacity, and the lower the calcium absorption of the crop. The above factors such as soil, climate, roots, and moisture all limit the absorption of calcium, so the fertilization method is very important.
How to make calcium more conducive to vegetable absorption?
1. Reasonable choice of calcium fertilizer.
The pH value of the soil in the greenhouse is usually 6.5 to 7.5. Alkaline substances or neutral fertilizers such as hydrated lime and calcium nitrate should be used, but less acidic or physiological acidic substances should be used. Ordinary phosphate fertilizers such as superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate, and heavy superphosphate are important sources of calcium. Bone meal and grass ash all contain a certain amount of calcium, which is also a non-negligible source of calcium. Apply calcium-containing micro-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer (not less than 120 g/L calcium, not less than 20 g/L magnesium, not less than 50 g/L zinc, and not less than 3 g/L boron ) Calcium supplements other trace elements at the same time, pay attention to the use of low-salt fertilizers to make crops safer.
2. Master the fertilization period.
After the vegetables have entered a long period of time, the soil calcium nutrition begins to decrease, and the calcium in the leaves of the vegetables begins to decrease. At this time, the application of calcium fertilizer is the best period. In order to prevent calcium deficiency in the early stage of vegetable growth, base application of calcium fertilizer can be used. In greenhouses planted for many years, generally, 2000-3000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer is applied to Mushi, and then superphosphate is added to 30-45 kg.
3. Scientific fertilization methods.
In heavy vegetable greenhouses with heavy soils, the method of replanting basal fertilisers is 100 kg of wood ash per acre or 50 kg of hydrated lime. The specific approach is to mix the organic fertilizer with hydrated lime or ash, and evenly apply it to the surface of the ground and plow tillage. Into the ground. For growing vegetables, especially in the vigorous growth period, calcium fertilizer can be supplemented by top-dressing methods. Generally, 40 to 60 kg of slaked lime is used per mu, and the amount of lime used in sand soil is appropriately reduced. Can also be 80 kg of slaked lime or 50 kg of ash, uncover the end of the membrane, open a 10 cm deep ditch, apply the fertilizer to the bottom of the ditch and water it until the submerged membrane is covered. Deep plowing and mulching techniques can also be used to enhance its ability to retain water and fertility and reduce calcium loss. Can also be combined with disease prevention spray, the use of foliar fertilizer topdressing calcium, top dressing concentration is generally 0.3% ~ 0.5% is appropriate. Generally can be sprayed with 0.1 ~ 0.2% of calcium nitrate or 1% of superphosphate, spray once every 15 days or so, and even spray 3 to 4 times, the effect is better. Http://
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