As the summer heat and high-temperature weather affect the sow's pregnancy, the reduction of feed intake, the weakening of the metabolic intensity, the increase of body temperature, and the sharp drop in immunity will all cause the sows to become pregnant. In severe cases, fetal weakness and stillbirth may occur, which can easily be transmitted to the disease, affecting the entire farm and hindering the maintenance of normal breeding conditions and sustainable development. Therefore, when the summer arrives, all the measures for sow pregnancy should be done scientifically to effectively improve the economic benefits of breeding pregnant sows.
Sow pregnancy affected by high temperatures
Feed intake affected
In the high temperature days of summer, when sows become pregnant, their feed intake will gradually decline, resulting in inadequate nutrient intake. Normally grown embryos will not be able to receive adequate nutrient supply, and their own intensive anabolism will lead to newborn piglets. It is lighter in weight and easier to die, and it may cause stillbirth in serious cases.
Regulating metabolism and affecting body temperature
The optimal temperature range for sows to be pregnant is 11°C-15°C. If the temperature exceeds the upper limit of the pregnant sow's temperature of 22°C, even if the energy consumption of the body temperature is kept at a minimum, more heat will be dissipated and the energy required to maintain it will increase. Metabolic function is also increasing, especially when heat stress occurs, which can increase the metabolic rate of pregnant sows. Affected by high temperatures, sows increase their respiratory rate and their rectal temperatures rise. During pregnancy, its anabolic activity is strong, but its function of regulating its own body temperature has decreased. If it is not timely dissipated, it is prone to develop a fever.
Immunity is affected
After the rainy season, with the high temperature in summer, the breeding of mosquitoes and flies is rapid, which makes the immunity of the pregnant sows easy to decline. If the farm is poorly managed, pregnant sows are susceptible to diseases, and the high incidence rate will also make the outbreak of the pig farm.
Rearing
Feeding method
According to the actual physical condition of the pregnant sow, if the physical fitness is better, the "pre-coarse" method can be selected. Nutrition provides “high-low†nutrition during pregnancy: If the “grabbing two with middle†method is weak, the nutrition will provide “high-low-high†during pregnancy; while the gilt will choose “backgammon†when pregnant. Nutrition provides "low-high-high".
Dietary composition of sows during pregnancy
Usually green, concentrated feed, supplemented with coarse material. The green feed needs to be juicy, and it supplies 2 or 3 kinds of green feed, and it is chopped, chopped, and fed on the same day. Vitamins, minerals, and proteins should be added to the concentrate to meet the nutritional requirements for sows' pregnancy. The amount of the supplement should be such that the body weight is regularly increased, and the body weight is appropriate for the upper and middle body. The coarse material is selected for high quality and palatable. The amount of feeding should be until the satiety of the pregnant sow is reached. Do not overdo it to prevent the fetus from being oppressed and hindering its normal development.
Feeding times and supply
According to local conditions, feeding should be carried out at 4, 10, 16 and 21 hours every day in summer. After getting up early, clean the equipment. After the pig house is cleaned, feeds with fine and green feeds, supplemented with coarse materials, are used, and the amount of pigs is 89% full-time; at 10 o'clock, green is the main source, supplemented with concentrate, The pigs are full; at 16 o'clock, they focus on green and juicy materials, and eat freely; when 21 o'clock, they use fine, green feed, supplemented by coarse materials.
Drinking water
After the feed is finished, it can be supplied with clean cold water. When the house temperature is high in summer, water can be added at noon. At the same time, high temperature and high humidity can add appropriate amount of garlic in the diet, which is about 1%-3% of the diet, which can improve the resistance of pregnant sows.
management
Summer cooling The fans and fans can be turned on in large pig farms. Wash 2 times or 3 times a day in the pig house and wash the pig once or twice. If there are conditions, when the fan is turned on, ice blocks are placed at the air inlet of the pig house to cool down significantly; a shade net is set up in the sports area; drinking water can be added once to two times; shade trees and flowers are planted around the farm in the spring.
Cleaning pigs inside and out
Regularly clean inside and outside the pig house to prevent the breeding of mosquitoes, flies and parasites, and prevent pregnant sows from being infected by infectious diseases. Thoroughly sterilize pigsheds, places, equipment, air, drains, and pig body surfaces. Care should be taken to disinfect health corners. Disinfection of empty columns is also required. The disinfectant category is selected to suit a wide range of environmental conditions, such as chlorine preparations; some disinfectants that are easily disassembled and decomposed, such as complexed iodine, povidone iodine, etc., are not recommended for outdoor use.
Feeding science
In summer, it can be fed 4 times a day, with blue-green material (containing minerals and vitamins, etc.) and cool food (watermelon skin, peel, etc.) as the main ingredient. The palatability can be improved by adding fresh, salty, and aroma to the mixture. It is beneficial for pregnant sows to increase feed intake and never to feed moldy feeds. In order to reduce the amount of exercise when it is hottest, it should be fed once at 4, 10, 16, and 21. And to maintain a sufficient amount of cool drinking water in the trough, and daily supply of a light salt 0.5%, play a role in regulating body temperature.
Disease prevention and control
In addition to immunization, epidemic prevention should also be done in response to diseases such as chlamydia, coccidiosis, toxoplasmosis, "pregnant sow womb, mastitis, and agalactia" in summer.
Doing a good job on the external environment of the farm
Expanding the ground area of ​​pig farms not only effectively prevents the occurrence of heat stroke and skin diseases in pregnant sows, but also effectively reduces the pighouse temperature by 3°C-4°C and reduces heat radiation by 80%. However, it is not appropriate to plant too many tall trees because they affect the ventilation effect and attract wild birds, which is not conducive to epidemic prevention.
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