Practice of Accessing Wireless Network in Medical Internet of Things
[Abstract] Wireless access is the basic link of the medical IoT connection sensing layer to the network layer. This paper proposes solutions for key technologies such as multi-function gateway, wireless networking and terminal distribution. The application practice realizes the interconnection of heterogeneous wireless networks and wired networks, and the mobile medical devices and communication devices are seamlessly connected with the handheld intelligent terminals. Hospital application practice proves that the application of wireless mobile technology plays an important role in ensuring medical safety and improving the quality and efficiency of medical work.
　　 0 Preface
The medical Internet of Things, characterized by the interoperability of ubiquitous sensing devices in hospitals, enables automated collection, intelligent transmission, comprehensive collection, global decision analysis and full process assistance for medical health information. With the popularization of hospital computer networks and the expansion of medical information system application requirements, the traditional methods of fixedly deploying computers have problems such as fixed points, complicated wiring, and limited mobility, which restricts the mobility and portability of hospital information terminals. The development of miniaturization. The wireless network has the characteristics of terminal mobility and flexible access, which breaks the limitation of the traditional wired deployment and is scaled up in more and more hospitals. A large number of heterogeneous wireless networks, mobile medical devices, smart terminals, sensors, RFID tags, etc. are promoted and applied in hospitals, gradually changing the traditional information application mode, further improving medical service capabilities and efficiency, improving medical service quality and mode, and realizing Smart healthcare for full health management.
1 The overall structure of the medical Internet of Things
The overall architecture of the medical Internet of Things consists of multiple layers, from bottom to top, the perception layer, the network layer, the cloud platform layer, and the application layer, as shown in Figure 1. The sensing layer consists of various types of terminal devices and sensors, including mobile or fixed-line medical devices and health testing devices, which are deployed in families, communities, and medical institutions to identify, locate, and sense and collect different objects. The network layer connects hospitals, communities and homes through the heterogeneous interconnection of wired networks, mobile communication networks and wireless networks to realize intelligent transmission of medical health information. As the operational support platform of the medical Internet of Things, the cloud platform undertakes the system connection, information processing, data storage and network management of the medical Internet of Things, and provides a supporting operating environment for the medical IoT application service. At the same time, it provides the necessary security and privacy protection at all levels for the application needs in the medical and health field. The application layer is directly user-oriented and closely integrates with medical business needs, including a series of application service systems and interfaces. The application layer provides accurate, efficient, convenient and real-time application services for participants in medical activities. The access of the mobile terminal through the wireless network is the basic project for constructing the Internet of Things, including the platform construction, technical means, hardware design, and data interface involved in the transmission of heterogeneous and multi-modal data from the sensing layer to the network layer.
2 Wireless networking solution
The hospital wireless network is mainly deployed in the inpatient ward, and the network topology map is shown in Figure 2. Each medical building has a core switch that connects up to the hospital backbone network and connects down to the floor switch. There is a POE (Power Over Ethernet) switch on each layer. The wireless local area network (WLAN) is deployed in a wireless AP (Access Point). The average AP is deployed in every 4 wards. The POE switch passes through five types. The line is connected to the AP for data transmission and power supply. The AP adopts three frequency point multiplexing. APs adjacent to each other and adjacent to each other in the same layer should avoid the same frequency point to avoid co-channel interference. Within each AP area, deploy a multi-function wireless IoT gateway that is compatible with wireless communication methods such as Bluetooth, Zigbee, and RF. It supports a lightweight IPv6 protocol stack to convert data from heterogeneous networks into TCP/IP data. The package realizes interworking with the wired LAN to realize interconnection and intercommunication of various wireless physical devices. The AP is used in conjunction with the multi-function gateway to achieve comprehensive coverage of hospital wireless communications.
3 mobile terminal equipment
A mobile terminal device is a node for physiological signal or medical data acquisition and display, and one of the origins of IoT data generation. The mobile terminal equipment in the hospital is deployed in the clinical environment. With wireless communication technology, it can provide real-time data services to medical personnel and patients under the mobile state. It has functions that other fixed devices do not have. The main features are as follows: mobile portability; low power Resistant to interference; unique identification within the network; can support wireless transmission of data and control information; easy to disinfect. Currently, mobile terminals successfully applied in hospitals include three categories.
(1) Physiological signal acquisition devices include wireless thermometers, wireless sphygmomanometers, wireless oximeters, and mobile electrocardiographs. Such devices are capable of collecting routine physiological parameters of the patient, supporting 24 h real-time measurements, which are generally worn by the patient, reducing the restrictions on patient activity.
(2) Mobile medical terminals include mobile tablet workstations based on smart tablets and nursing workstations based on handheld PDAs and mobile care vehicles. Such devices are capable of performing data collection, information entry, RFID tag scanning, device positioning, and the like.
(3) In-hospital communication equipment mainly refers to patients wearing various types of wireless pagers, which are carried by patients. In the case of emergency, press the pager button to issue early warning information. According to the wireless gateway, the two types of information are simultaneously passed. The wireless network can be uploaded to the care workstation.
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